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摘要
旨在获得能够影响中国荷斯坦奶牛乳品质性状的潜在遗传标记。 以中国荷斯坦奶牛作为研究对象, 通过识别 NADH 脱氢酶 [泛醌]1α 亚复合物组装因子 4(NDUFAF4) 基因的突变位点,PCR扩增 NDUFAF4 基因目的片段, 利用 SPSS 27.0 软件对目的基因片段单核苷酸多态性(SNP) 进行直接测序, 分析该基因与中国荷斯坦奶牛乳品质性状的相关性。 结果: 在 NDUFAF4 基因内含子2中共发现8个 SNP 位点, 其中 I2-6501A>G 位点存在 AA、AG和GG三种基因型,GG基因型个体的产奶量和尿素氮含量显著高于AA和AG基因型个体 (P<0.05);I2-6620A>G位点存在AA和AG两种基因型,AG基因型个体的产奶量和校正奶量显著高于AA基因型个体 (P<0.05)。 使用 HaploView 4.2 软件对 NDUFAF4 基因的8个 SNP 位点进行连锁反应分析发现,I2-6502C>T 和 I2-6525A>G 两个位点之间表现为强连锁遗传, 形成一个单倍结构域,I2-6613T>G、I2-6620A>G 和 I2-6622A>T 三个位点之间表现为强连锁遗传, 也形成一个单倍结构域, 其中 block2 中的 H5H7 单倍型可作为筛选高产奶量、 高乳糖含量和高校正奶量的奶牛个体的最优单倍型。 综上,NDUFAF4 基因在奶牛泌乳性能及乳品质性状形成的代谢调控中发挥重要作用, 可为未来奶牛优良乳品质性状选育提供分子理论依据。
Abstract
This experiment selected Chinese Holstein dairy cows as the research object, aiming to identify potential genetic markers affecting the milk quality traits of these cows by screening the mutation sites in the NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 4 (NDUFAF4) gene. The fragment of the NDUFAF4 gene was amplified by PCR, and the single nucleotide polymorphism of the target gene fragment was detected by direct sequencing. Then, the correlation between this single nucleotide polymorphism and milk quality traits of the Chinese Holstein dairy cows was analyzed using the SPSS 27.0 software. The results showed that there were 8 mutation sites in intron 2 of the NDUFAF4 gene. Among them, the I2-6501A>G site had three genotypes of AA, AG, and GG, and the milk yield and urea nitrogen content of the GG genotype were significantly higher than those of the AA and AG genotypes (P<0.05); the I2-6620A>G site had two genotypes of AA and AG, and the milk yield and corrected milk yield of AG were significantly higher than those of AA (P<0.05). Using the HaploView 4.2 software to carry out linkage analysis on 8 SNPs sites of the NDUFAF4 gene, it was found that the I2-6502C>T and I2-6525A>G sites showed strong linkage, forming a haplotype domains structures. The I2-6613T>G, I2-6620A>G, and I2-6622A>T sites showed strong linkage, forming a haplotype domains structures. Among them, the H5H7 haplotype in block2 can be considered the optimal haplotype for screening dairy cattle individuals with high milk yield, high lactose content, and high corrected milk yield. The NDUFAF4 gene plays a crucial role in the metabolic regulation of lactation performance and milk quality traits in dairy cows, which may form a molecular theoretical basis for selection and breeding of dairy cows with excellent milk quality traits in the future.
关键词
Key words
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梁雪锜,赵志辉,周茜蕾,陈乔诗,刘啸天,卢翠雯,姜平.
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基金资助
广东省自然科学基金项目(2025A1515011477)
粤西地区畜禽资源与种质创新重点实验室项目(2021A05024)