基于二元Logistic回归模型的德国牧羊犬幼犬自然行为表现与胆量相关性分析

Correlation analysis of natural behavior and courage in German Shepherd dog puppies based on binary Logistic regression model

摘要

为提高工作犬幼犬选拔的客观性与精准性，本研究运用二元Logistic回归模型，探究2月龄德国牧羊犬在自然状态下的5种行为因素与其胆量关联性。采集60条2月龄德国牧羊犬在封闭、无干扰环境中的自然行为视频，选取探究行为频率、对陌生物体反应、吠叫频率、静止不动时间及社交互动频率作为自变量，对幼犬的胆量进行考核，并以考核的胆量成绩作为因变量进行分析。结果：幼犬探究行为频率、对陌生物体反应是胆量评估的显著预测因子（P<0.05），其中探究行为频率越高、对陌生物体反应越平静的幼犬，通过胆量测试的成绩越高；优先进食行为是胆量评估的另一个显著预测因子（P<0.05），优先进食的幼犬被评定为胆大的概率是后来进食幼犬的8.045倍。本研究结果对于筛选后备警犬具有指导性意义，为早期筛选胆量大的工作用德国牧羊犬幼犬提供了客观依据，有助于优化选育流程，提升挑选质量。

Abstract

To enhance the objectivity and accuracy of selecting working dog puppies, this study employed a binary Logistic regression model to investigate the relationship between five behavioral factors and boldness in 2-month-old German Shepherd puppies under natural conditions. Videos of natural behaviors were collected from 60 German Shepherd puppies in a closed and undisturbed environment. Then, the frequency of exploratory behavior, reaction to unfamiliar objects, barking frequency, immobility duration, and frequency of social interaction were selected as independent variables. Finally, the boldness of the puppies was assessed by an evaluation team, and the resulting scores served as the dependent variable in the analysis. The results showed as follows: The frequency of exploratory behavior and reaction to unfamiliar objects were significant predictors of boldness assessment (P<0.05). Puppies with higher frequencies of exploratory behavior and calmer reactions to unfamiliar objects achieved higher scores in the boldness test. Priority feeding behavior also significantly predicted the boldness of the puppies (P<0.05); and the puppies that fed first were 8.045 times more likely to be rated as being bold, compared with those that fed later. This study offered significant guidance for screening candidate police dogs, might serve as an objective basis for the early selection of bold German Shepherd puppies for working purposes, and contributed to optimizing the breeding process and improving selection quality.

关键词

德国牧羊犬 / 幼犬 / 自然行为 / 胆量评估 / 二元Logistic回归 / 早期筛选

Key words

German Shepherd dog / puppies / natural behavior / courage assessment / binary Logistic regression model / early selection

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基金资助

中央高校基本科研业务费项目(LGZD202302)