山梨醇诱导宁夏枸杞对腐皮镰刀菌抗性机制

Mechanisms of sorbitol-induced resistance to Fusarium solani in Lycium barbarum

摘要

【目的】山梨醇是一种重要的六碳糖醇，在植物生长发育及逆境响应中扮演关键角色。本研究旨在探究山梨醇对宁夏枸杞抵抗腐皮镰刀菌的诱导抗病效果及其生理与分子机制，为枸杞根腐病的绿色防控提供理论依据。【方法】首先测定病原菌侵染后不同时间点枸杞根系中山梨醇的含量，明确其含量变化规律及与病原菌侵染的关联。随后通过不同浓度山梨醇的抑菌实验、离体叶片接种及盆栽接种试验，结合活性氧荧光检测、抗氧化酶（POD、PPO、SOD）活性测定以及茉莉酸信号通路关键基因（LOX3.1、AOS1）表达分析，系统评估外源山梨醇对枸杞抗根腐病的影响及调控机制。【结果】（1）病原菌侵染可诱导枸杞根系内源山梨醇含量在 24 ~ 72 h 内显著上升，推测山梨醇可能作为早期响应分子参与枸杞对病原菌侵染的抗性反应。（2）在本研究的 0 ~ 20 μmol/L 浓度范围内，山梨醇对腐皮镰刀菌菌丝生长不具备直接的抑制作用，其抗病性依赖于对植物内源防御反应的激活。（3）5 μmol/L 山梨醇处理为本研究最佳诱导浓度，能显著抑制叶片病斑扩展与根系根腐症状，能促进活性氧适度积累，提高 POD、PPO、SOD 抗氧化酶活性，并上调 LOX3.1 和 AOS1 基因表达，从而系统增强枸杞的抗病性。【结论】腐皮镰刀菌侵染可诱导枸杞根系山梨醇的积累，外源施用适宜浓度山梨醇可通过激活植株活性氧信号，增强抗氧化酶活性并协同调控茉莉酸通路，显著增强枸杞对腐皮镰刀菌的抗病性。本研究初步揭示了山梨醇诱导枸杞抗根腐病的核心调控生理与分子机制，将为开发新型生物源免疫诱导剂及构建枸杞病害绿色防控技术体系提供重要理论基础和实践参考。

Abstract

[Objective] Sorbitol, an important hexitol, plays a significant regulatory role in plant growth, development, and stress responses. This study aimed to elucidate the effect and underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms of sorbitol-induced resistance inLycium barbarum against Fusarium solani, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the green prevention and control of Lycium barbarum root rot. [Method] First, sorbitol content inLycium barbarum roots was quantified at various time points post-infection to determine its dynamic changes and correlation with pathogen infection. The effects and underlying mechanisms of exogenous sorbitol were then systematically evaluated using a multifaceted approach, including: antifungal activity assays at different concentrations; disease assessment via both in vitro leaf and in vivo pot inoculation; detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst; measurement of peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities; and expression analysis of key jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway genes (LOX3.1, AOS1). [Result] (1) Infection byFusarium solani induced a significant accumulation of endogenous sorbitol in the roots of Lycium barbarum at 24−72 h post-infection, suggesting that sorbitol may serve as an early response molecule involved in Lycium barbarum resistance to this pathogen. (2) In vitro antifungal assays showed that sorbitol at concentrations of 0−20 μmol/L exhibited no direct inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of Fusarium solani, indicating that its disease resistance function relies on the activation of endogenous defense responses in host plants. (3) In this study, 5 μmol/L sorbitol was determined as the optimal induction concentration, which significantly suppressed leaf lesion expansion and root rot development, promoted moderate ROS accumulation, enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes (POD, PPO, and SOD), and upregulated the expression ofLOX3.1 and AOS1 genes, thereby systemically boosting disease resistance in Lycium barbarum. [Conclusion] Fusarium solani infection induces sorbitol accumulation in Lycium barbarum roots. Exogenous application of sorbitol at appropriate concentrations significantly enhances the resistance ofLycium barbarum to Fusarium solani by activating plant ROS signaling, increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, and synergistically regulating the JA pathway. This study preliminarily reveals the core physiological and molecular regulatory mechanisms of sorbitol-induced resistance to root rot in Lycium barbarum, and will provide an important theoretical basis and practical reference for the development of novel biogenic immune elicitors and the construction of a green prevention and control technology system for Lycium barbarum diseases.

关键词

宁夏枸杞 / 腐皮镰刀菌 / 山梨醇 / 诱导抗病性 / 茉莉酸信号 / 抗氧化酶 / 绿色防控 / 生物源免疫诱导剂

Key words

Lycium barbarum / Fusarium solani / sorbitol / induced disease resistance / jasmonic acid signaling / antioxidant enzymes / green prevention and control / biogenic immune elicitors

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基金资助

宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2025BBF02004)

国家自然科学基金项目(32460098)

2025 年大学生创新创业训练计划国家级、自治区级项目(G202510749022，S202510749059)