高寒山区溜砂坡遥感数据集构建与智能识别算法评估
Remote Sensing Dataset Construction and Intelligent Identification Algorithm Evaluation for Talus Slopes in High-Altitude Cold Regions
高寒山区溜砂坡分布广泛、形态复杂且灾害风险高,但受制于恶劣环境与数据匮乏,其智能识别面临重大挑战.通过构建首个高分辨率溜砂坡语义分割数据集,实现数据资源建设的突破.基于高分二号高分辨率遥感影像,建立包含形态-光谱-环境多维度解译标志体系,形成3 811组标准化标注样本的开放数据集.基于统一的数据集和评价体系,评估4类卷积神经网络与2类Transformer模型的分割性能,验证了基于Transformer架构和动态Mask注意力的Mask2Former模型在复杂地貌下的技术优势(平均交并比75.72%,F1分数77.62%).具备优异的泛化能力与鲁棒性,实现溜砂坡的精准识别.这项研究不仅填补了高寒山区溜沙坡数据资源的空白,并且为复杂地貌场景下智能识别模型的选型提供了科学依据.
Talus slopes in high-altitude cold mountain regions, characterized by extensive distribution, complex morphology, and elevated geohazard risks, pose significant challenges for intelligent identification due to harsh environmental conditions and data scarcity. This study addresses this gap by constructing the first high-resolution semantic segmentation dataset for talus slope detection. Utilizing Gaofen-2 (GF-2) satellite imagery, it developed a multidimensional interpretation framework incorporating morphological, spectral, and environmental criteria, culminating in an open-access benchmark dataset comprising 3 811 standardized annotated samples. Through systematic evaluation of four convolutional neural network architectures and two Transformer-based models under unified experimental protocols, it validated the technical superiority of the Mask2Former model-integrating Transformer architecture with dynamic Mask attention mechanisms - in complex terrain scenarios, achieving a mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 75.72% and F1-score of 77.62%. The proposed methodology has demonstrated exceptional generalization capability and robustness in precise talus slope delineation. This research not only addresses the critical data gap for talus slope studies in alpine environments but also provides scientific guidelines for model selection in intelligent recognition tasks across complex geomorphological settings. The established dataset and multidimensional interpretation system offer valuable references for advancing geohazard monitoring through intelligent remote sensing technologies in cold mountainous regions.
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国家杰出青年科学基金(42125702)
国家自然科学基金(42307263)
四川省重大科技专项(2024ZDZX0020)
四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC0003)
四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC1083)
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