黄土高原地质灾害链发育特征及其分类体系
王新刚 , 刘凯 , 黄强兵 , 胡胜 , 连宝琴 , 王道正 , 薛晨
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4) : 1437 -1462.
黄土高原地质灾害链发育特征及其分类体系
Development Characteristics and Classification System of Geological Disaster Chains on Loess Plateau
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近年来,在全球气候变暖带来强降雨风险的背景下,黄土高原地质灾害有了新的变化趋势,常呈链式形态形成黄土地质灾害链,其往往具有多发性、隐蔽性、灾难性和复杂性等特征,亟需阐明黄土高原地质灾害链的发育特征,并对其进行科学系统的分类.在广泛查阅和总结黄土高原地区各类地质灾害分类基础上,通过野外调查、无人机航测和室内遥感影像分析等方法对黄土高原地区典型地质灾害链进行了综合分析,系统性地从灾种、控制性界面、地貌、动力成因、因果关系和形成时代等几个方面对黄土高原地质灾害链进行了归纳,提出了黄土高原地质灾害链6大类26亚种的分类体系,总结了典型黄土地质灾害链的发育特征和成灾模式,揭示了典型黄土高原地质灾害链的链式结构及其彼此间的影响关系.研究可为黄土高原地质灾害链防控治理提供理论借鉴,有助于对黄土灾害链针对性减灾防灾工作的实施.
In recent years, against the backdrop of the risk of heavy rainfall brought about by global warming, geological disasters on the Loess Plateau have shown new trends of change. They often form a chain of geological disasters in the Loess Plateau in a chain-like form, which frequently possess characteristics such as high frequency, concealment, catastrophic nature and complexity. It is urgent to clarify the development characteristics of the geological disaster chain on the Loess Plateau and classify it scientifically and systematically. Based on extensive research and summary of the classification of various geological disasters in the Loess Plateau region, a comprehensive analysis of typical geological disaster chains in the Loess Plateau region was conducted through a large number of field investigations, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveys, and indoor remote sensing image analyses. The geological disaster chain of the Loess Plateau was systematically summarized from several aspects such as disaster types, controlling interface, geomorphology, dynamic causes, causal relationships and formation eras. A classification system of 6 major categories and 26 subspecies of geological disaster chains of the Loess Plateau was proposed. The development characteristics and disaster formation patterns of typical geological disaster chains of loess were summarized. It reveals the chain structure of typical geological disaster chains and the influence relationships among them. This research can provide theoretical references for the prevention and control of geological disaster chains in the Loess Plateau, and is conducive to the implementation of targeted disaster reduction and prevention work for the loess disaster chain.
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国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3008401)
黄土科学全国重点实验室开发基金项目(SKLLQG2508)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划重点项目(2024JC-ZDXM-19)
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