非均质咸水层中CO2地质封存热-水-气-力耦合数值模拟
廖晋 , 李才 , 杨其辉 , 金澳涵 , 王全荣
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (6) : 2347 -2356.
非均质咸水层中CO2地质封存热-水-气-力耦合数值模拟
Coupled Thermal-Hydraulic-Mechanism Simulation during Geological CO2 Storage in Heterogeneous Saline Aquifers
深入理解储层非均质性及多场耦合效应对于准确评估封存过程中CO2运移、转化及封存机制具有重要意义.本文综合考虑了气-水两相流动机制、储层孔渗结构的动态演化及非等温条件下温度对CO2物性的影响,构建了热-水-气-力耦合模型,旨在探讨非均质咸水层中CO2的迁移动态与封存效率.模拟结果表明,储层非均质性对平均孔隙压力的积聚具有显著影响,低孔隙度地层中孔隙压力增幅约为1.96 MPa,而较高孔隙度地层中仅约为1.64 MPa,进而影响了CO2的物性参数与运移路径.同时,热锋的最大迁移距离仅约为161 m,而CO2羽流的最大横向迁移距离可达1 782 m.在CO2注入过程中,储层渗透率和孔隙度分别以1.01~1.13的比率和2.10%~12.8%的幅度变化,且低渗储层的孔渗结构对压力扰动更为敏感.在低渗非均质储层中,CO2最大封存效率系数约为0.88,显著高于高渗储层,证明了在此类地层中保持低于岩石破裂压力的注气速率有助于提升CO2的有效封存能力与长期稳定性.
A deep understanding of reservoir heterogeneity and multi-field coupling effects is important for assessing CO2 flow and migration behavior during geological CO2 storage. This study comprehensively considers the two-phase flow mechanism, the dynamic evolution of reservoir porosity and permeability structures, and the influence of temperature on the physical properties of CO2 under non-isothermal conditions. A thermal-hydraulic-gas-mechanical (THGM) coupled model is developed to investigate CO2 migration behavior and storage efficiency behavior in heterogeneous saline aquifers. Simulation results indicate that reservoir heterogeneity significantly influences average pressure build-up within the reservoir. In low-porosity reservoirs, the increase in pore pressure is approximately 1.96 MPa, whereas in higher-porosity reservoirs, it is only approximately 1.64 MPa, thereby affecting the physical properties and migration pathways of injected CO2. Additionally, the maximum migration distance of the thermal front is only approximately 161 m, while the maximum lateral migration distance of the CO2 plume can reach approximately 1 782 m. The permeability and porosity within the reservoir vary at a ratio of approximately 1.01-1.13 and an amplitude of 2.10%-12.8% during CO2 injection, respectively. The porosity and permeability of low-permeability reservoirs is more sensitive to pressure disturbances. The maximum CO2 storage efficiency factor reached approximately 0.88 in low-permeability heterogeneous reservoirs, significantly higher than those in high-permeability reservoirs, demonstrating that maintaining an injection rate below the rock fracture pressure in such formations helps enhance the effective storage capacity and long-term stability of CO₂.
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“中国海油南海油气能源院士工作站”科研项目成果
中国海油有限公司综合科研项目(KJZH⁃2023⁃2203)
海南省科技专项资助项目(ZDYF2024GXJS037)
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