河流潜流带地表水-地下水交互作用对磺胺甲恶唑迁移转化过程的影响
潘维艳 , 刘洋 , 徐征和 , 桑国庆
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (6) : 2216 -2227.
河流潜流带地表水-地下水交互作用对磺胺甲恶唑迁移转化过程的影响
Influence of Surface Water-Groundwater Interaction in Hyporheic Zone on Sulfamethoxazole Migration and Transformation Process
磺胺甲恶唑(sulfamethoxazole,SMX)作为一种广泛使用的抗生素,其在环境中的残留与检出频率持续增加,研究SMX在河流潜流带中的迁移转化行为对保障河流生态健康与水安全至关重要.本研究基于室内模拟实验,探讨了不同水力梯度下,地表水-地下水交互作用对潜流带沉积物中SMX迁移转化规律的影响.结果表明:地表水-地下水交互作用驱动着潜流带环境因子的动态变化,进而引起微生物多样性及群落结构的演替,最终影响SMX的迁移与转化行为.SMX在潜流带中的转化主要经由水解、脱硫化和生物降解途径实现,其主导衰减机制随交互作用时间的延长而转变.其中,变形菌门与厚壁菌门是参与SMX生物降解的优势菌群.此外,水力梯度对SMX的去除效率具有明显影响,在低水力梯度下,较小的水流流速更有利于SMX在沉积物中的滞留与降解,因而表现出更显著的去除效果.
As a widely used antibiotic, sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is being increasingly detected in aquatic and soil environments, where its residual concentrations continue to rise. It is imperative to investigate the fate of SMX in the hyporheic zone, as it is critical for safeguarding river ecosystem health and ensuring water security. This study collected hyporheic sediments and conducted simulation experiments to investigate the migration and transformation processes of SMX within the hyporheic zone under various hydraulic gradients. The results demonstrate that dynamics of sedimentary environmental factors in the hyporheic zone, driven by surface water-groundwater interactions, were initiated by successive shifts in microbial diversity and community structure, which in turn modulated the migration and transformation processes of SMX. Hydrolysis, desulfonation, and biodegradation served as the primary pathways for SMX transformation in the hyporheic zone, with the dominant attenuation mechanism transitioning over the course of water interactions. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the primary microbial groups in the hyporheic zone and the key drivers of SMX biodegradation. The removal efficiency of SMX varied with hydraulic gradients in the hyporheic zone, with a more significant removal observed under the lower hydraulic gradient condition.
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国家自然科学基金(42307083)
济南大学2024年学科交叉会聚建设项目(XKJC⁃202407)
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