耦合InSAR形变与稳定指数的降雨突发型滑坡早期识别
黄健 , 曾探 , 王英凡 , 张谱升 , 贺美森
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4) : 1287 -1300.
耦合InSAR形变与稳定指数的降雨突发型滑坡早期识别
Early Detection of Rainfall-Triggered Landslides Using InSAR and Stability Index
针对InSAR技术在短时强降雨诱发滑坡前兆识别中的不足,以四川理县西山村滑坡和黄泥坝子滑坡为研究对象,提出了一种耦合InSAR形变监测与SINMAP稳定性指数的降雨型突发滑坡早期识别方法.首先基于长期地表形变监测数据,通过可视性和测量敏感性分析定量评价InSAR的先验适用性;在低适用性区域,联合解析InSAR形变时序与稳定性指数时空演化特征,并构建时空交叉验证规则实现两类指标的有效融合与隐患综合判识.结果表明:西山村滑坡整体基本稳定,但降雨条件下前缘易发生局部失稳;黄泥坝子滑坡降雨敏感性强,但受几何畸变影响,InSAR难以捕捉其前兆变形.进一步利用该方法对2019年贵州鸡场镇降雨型突发滑坡进行重演验证,结果显示形变-稳定性指数耦合分析可有效识别InSAR单独监测难以发现的前兆信号,显著提升了降雨诱发突发滑坡的早期识别能力,为复杂地形区滑坡早期预警提供了新技术路径.
Rainfall-induced rapid landslides triggered by short-duration heavy precipitation often exhibit undetectable precursory deformation in InSAR time series due to geometric distortions and limited temporal sampling. To address this limitation, this study develops an early identification framework that couples InSAR surface deformation monitoring with the physically based SINMAP stability index. Using long-term monitoring data from the Xishancun and Huangnibazi landslides (Lixian County, Sichuan Province), InSAR applicability was first quantitatively evaluated via visibility and measurement sensitivity analyses. In areas of poor InSAR performance, a spatiotemporal cross-validation strategy was established to integrate deformation trends with evolving stability index patterns for comprehensive hazard assessment. Results reveal that the Xishancun landslide is generally stable with only localized frontal instability under rainfall, whereas the Huangnibazi landslide is highly rainfall-sensitive yet challenging to monitor using InSAR alone due to layover and shadow effects. The approach was successfully validated on the 2019 Jichang rainfall-induced rapid landslide (Guizhou Province), effectively capturing pre-failure signals missed by InSAR. This coupled deformation–stability index method significantly enhances early detection of rainfall-triggered rapid landslides and offers a transferable technique for early warning in complex mountainous regions.
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国家重点研发项目(2022YFC3003200)
四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2023NSFSC0264)
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