富满油田FⅠ17走滑断裂带碳酸盐岩储层天然裂缝地质力学特征及开发意义
刘泽栋 , 吴孔友 , 汪必峰 , 徐珂 , 张辉
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (5) : 1831 -1848.
富满油田FⅠ17走滑断裂带碳酸盐岩储层天然裂缝地质力学特征及开发意义
Geomechanical Characteristics and Development Significance of Natural Fractures in Carbonate Reservoirs of FⅠ17 Strike⁃Slip Fault Zone, Fuman Oilfield
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塔里木盆地在超深层碳酸盐岩领域的地质力学研究已经取得了一系列成果,可以有效地支撑超深层油气的勘探开发和工程实践,为推进富满油田FⅠ17断裂带的断裂破碎体油藏进一步开采,结合岩石力学试验、单井地应力解释与三维地应力场模拟,明确FⅠ17断裂带断控储层的地质力学特征,并在此基础上分析FⅠ17断裂带相关天然裂缝的地质力学响应.研究表明:①储层的杨氏模量在32~47 GPa、泊松比在0.23~0.26,弹性参数在垂向上有非均质性差异、在平面上表现为断裂与围岩的差异,在断裂带附近可见杨氏模量降低(约20%左右)、泊松比升高(约10%左右);②储层现今水平最小主应力在110~ 170 MPa、水平最大主应力在145~205 MPa,水平最大主应力方位与断裂走向呈小角度斜交,断裂带处相较围岩有明显应力降特征(局部可达15%以上);③大尺度天然裂缝面上的有效正应力在30~105 MPa、剪应力在5~35 MPa,数值受到原位地应力与裂缝产状和地层孔隙压力的多重影响.④通过应力计算,天然裂缝的有效剪正比主要在0.1~0.55、临界注入压力主要在92~204 MPa、裂缝力学活动性指数FGAI主要在0.2~0.8,平均值为0.48,高角度裂缝具有更好的活动性,流体注入后首先激活; ⑤地层压力达到裂缝闭合压力时将改变缝洞型储集体间的连通状态,为避免裂缝闭合后应力敏感性损伤可采取循环注采.
Geomechanical research in the ultra-deep carbonate rock domain of the Tarim basin has achieved a series of results, offering effective support to the exploration, development, and engineering practices of ultra-deep oil and gas resources. To facilitate further exploitation of the fracture-fragmented reservoir in the FⅠ17 fault zone of the Fuman oilfield, in this paper it integrates rock mechanics tests, single-well in-situ stress interpretation, and three-dimensional in-situ stress field simulations to clarify the geomechanical characteristics of the fault-controlled reservoirs in the FⅠ17 fault zone, on the basis of which the geomechanical responses of natural fractures associated with the FⅠ17 fault zone are analyzed. It is found that : ① The reservoir’s Young’s modulus ranges from 32-47 GPa, and Poisson’s ratio ranges from 0.23-0.26. Elastic parameters exhibit vertical heterogeneity and planar differences between faults and surrounding rocks. Near fault development areas, a decrease in Young’s modulus (approximately 20%) and an increase in Poisson’s ratio (approximately 10%) are observed. ② The current minimum horizontal principal stress of the reservoir ranges from 110-170 MPa, and the maximum horizontal principal stress ranges from 145-205 MPa. The orientation of the maximum horizontal principal stress intersects the fault strike at a small angle, with significant stress drops (exceeding 15% locally) observed in the fault zone compared to the surrounding rocks. ③ The effective normal stress on large-scale natural fracture surfaces ranges from 30-105 MPa, and shear stress ranges from 5-35 MPa, influenced by in-situ stress, fracture orientation, and formation pore pressure. ④ Through stress calculations, the ratio of shear stress to effective normal stress of natural fractures primarily ranges from 0.1-0.55, the critical injection pressure ranges from 92-204 MPa, and the fracture geomechanical activity index (FGAI) ranges from 0.2-0.8, with an average of 0.48. High-angle fractures exhibit higher activity and are activated first after fluid injection. ⑤ When the formation pressure reaches the fracture closure pressure, the fractures will alter the connectivity state between fracture-cavity reservoir bodies. To avoid stress sensitivity damage after fracture closure, cyclic injection and production can be implemented.
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国家自然科学基金项目“碳酸盐岩区走滑断裂带内部结构及启闭差异性研究——以塔里木盆地为例”(42272155)
中石油塔里油田公司科研项目“台盆区地质力学与测试研究”(YF202413)
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