季节性变化对浅水湖泊沉积物磷释放的调控机制
Regulatory Mechanism of Seasonal Variations on Sediment Phosphorus Release in Shallow Lakes
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为阐明浅水湖泊沉积物内源磷季节性波动机制,通过野外采样和室内模拟(控制温度、溶解氧等关键参数)不同季节上覆水环境,结合沉积物磷形态提取与微生物功能基因定量技术,系统揭示了内源磷转化的季节性规律与驱动机制.研究结果表明浅水湖泊内源磷的季节性波动是受上覆水环境驱动的“矿化-溶解-吸收-储存”过程转换:春季以有机磷矿化(ugpQ高表达)促进钙磷溶解(减少70.56 mg/kg),夏季在缺氧背景下表现为铁磷还原溶解(减少108.55 mg/kg)并伴随低亲和力磷转运基因(pit2)升高的释放-吸收,秋季以非生物钙磷溶解(减少70.55 mg/kg)与高亲和力磷转运系统(pst高表达)介导的磷吸收并存;冬季碳-磷裂解酶系统基因(phn高表达)活化促使难降解磷利用.本研究深化了对内源磷波动生物化学耦合机制的理解.
To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the seasonal fluctuations of endogenous phosphorus in shallow lake sediments, field sampling and laboratory simulations (controlling key parameters such as temperature and dissolved oxygen) of the overlying water environment across different seasons were conducted. This was integrated with sediment phosphorus form extraction and microbial functional gene quantification techniques to systematically reveal the seasonal patterns and driving mechanisms of endogenous phosphorus transformation. The results indicate that the seasonal fluctuations of internal phosphorus in shallow lakes are driven by overlying water conditions and involve shifts among the “mineralization-dissolution-uptake-storage” processes. In spring, high expression of the organic phosphorus mineralization gene (ugpQ) drove the dissolution of calcium-bound phosphorus(decreased by 70.56 mg/kg). Summer was characterized by a coupled microbial release-uptake process, dominated by reductive dissolution of iron-bound phosphorus (decreased by 108.55 mg/kg) alongside increased expression of the low-affinity phosphate transporter gene (pit2). The process of autumn shifted to a regime characterized by abiotic-dominated dissolution of calcium-bound phosphorus (decreased by 70.55 mg/kg), while microorganisms concurrently enhanced phosphorus uptake via the high-affinity phosphate transport system (indicated by high pst gene expression). In winter, cold-tolerant bacterial communities activated the carbon-phosphorus lyase gene (phn) to utilize refractory phosphorus. This study deepens the understanding of the coupled biochemical mechanisms governing endogenous phosphorus fluctuations.
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国家自然科学基金项目(42007173)
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