二叠纪‒三叠纪之交火山活动沉积示踪综述
张志华 , 欧阳庆龙 , 林雯洁 , 王心乾 , 何倩 , 沈俊
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (7) : 2894 -2914.
二叠纪‒三叠纪之交火山活动沉积示踪综述
Sedimentary Proxies of Volcanism across Permian⁃Triassic Transition: A Review
二叠纪‒三叠纪之交发生了剧烈的气候环境扰动,并伴随着显生宙以来最大的一次生物大灭绝事件.该时期发生了剧烈的火山活动,被认为是引起此次生态系统危机的主要触发机制.由于环境和生物信息保存丰富的沉积岩中缺乏有效的火山活动记录,开展该时期高精度的火山活动‒环境扰动‒生物危机的因果关系研究一直是学术界的难点.破解该难点的关键在于如何在保存丰富的沉积岩中示踪古火山活动记录.以二叠纪‒三叠纪之交强烈火山活动为典型案例,综述古火山沉积记录示踪指标在地层中的记录,包括火山熔岩和火山灰凝灰岩、挥发组分(碳、汞、硫等)及非挥发组分(铜、锌、镍、锇、锶、铂族等元素)等.结果表明,各项指标在该时期地层中均有显著的记录,指示火山喷发对地表元素循环产生剧烈的影响.同时,探讨了各项指标的优势性与局限性,为进一步开展深时火山示踪研究提供借鉴,并展望了该领域未来研究方向.
The Permian-Triassic transition was characterized by severe climatic and environmental perturbations, accompanied by the largest mass extinction event in the Phanerozoic. The Siberian Traps Large Igneous Province, the largest continental large igneous province in Earth history, is widely considered to be the ultimate trigger of this ecological crisis. However, although sedimentary rocks preserve abundant environmental and biological signals, they generally lack direct records of volcanic activity, which has long hindered high-resolution investigations of the causal relationships among volcanism, environmental perturbations, and biotic crises during this interval. A critical challenge, therefore, lies in tracing signals of ancient volcanic activity within sedimentary successions. Taking the intense volcanism at the Permian-Triassic boundary as a representative case, this study reviews volcanic proxies preserved in stratigraphic records, including volcanic lava and ash (tuff) layers, volatile components (e.g., carbon, mercury, and sulfur), and non-volatile components (e.g., metallic elements such as copper, zinc, and nickel). The results indicate that these proxies exhibit pronounced signals saddle the Permian-Triassic boundary strata, suggesting that volcanic eruptions exerted significant impacts on surface elemental cycles. Furthermore, the advantages and limitations of different proxies are evaluated, providing a reference for future deep-time volcanic tracing studies and offering perspectives on future research directions.
附件见https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2026.073.
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国家自然科学基金项目(U25D9024)
国家自然科学基金项目(92479203)
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