“低山深盆型”盆山体系的形成过程及其耦合模式:以江汉盆地为例
吴路路 , 范宇辰 , 刘昭茜 , 郭丽彬 , 沈雷 , 张朋 , 沈传波 , 梅廉夫
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (5) : 1947 -1964.
“低山深盆型”盆山体系的形成过程及其耦合模式:以江汉盆地为例
Formation and Coupling Model of Basin⁃Mountain Systems Characterized by “Low Mountain, Deep Basin”:
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目前,盆山耦合理论已形成广泛共识,然而该理论在解释裂陷盆地及其周缘山系的耦合过程中还存在较多问题.为了阐明伸展体制之下的盆山耦合关系,研究以江汉盆地及周缘山系为例,基于野外露头、钻井与地震资料、地球化学与热年代学数据的综合分析,系统揭示了盆山构造演化过程.结果表明:周缘山系先后经历了快速冷却、持续冷却、缓慢冷却和快速冷却阶段,相应地,盆地则经历了基底挤压变形、热隆升、裂陷沉降和坳陷演化;软流圈地幔在驱动盆地裂陷沉降的同时,也带来了大量的深部复合物质.研究认为,在“低山深盆型”盆山体系形成过程中,盆地不断沉降、变深,而周缘山系不断剥露、变低.盆山之间的耦合模式为“周缘山系塑盆、山系剥露填盆、盆地增温暖山”.
The basin-mountain coupling theory has been widely recognized. However, it remains controversial in its interpretation for the basin-mountain systems in extensional regime. To unravel the basin-mountain coupling relationships under extensional regime, this study integrates field outcrops, borehole and seismic data, and geochemical and thermochronological data from the Jianghan basin and surrounding mountains, systematically clarifying their tectonic evolution. The surrounding mountains successively experienced rapid cooling, continued cooling, slow cooling and rapid cooling stages, and the Jianghan basin accordingly experienced compressional deformation, thermal doming, rifting and subsidence, and post-rift evolution. The upwelling of asthenospheric mantle not only drove the basin to undergo rifting and subsidence, but also delivered a large amount of deep composite materials to the basin. Our study proposes that the Jianghan basin became progressively deeper during the formation of the basin-mountain system, while the surrounding mountains got progressively lower and lower. The influence between the Jianghan basin and surrounding mountains is multi-faceted and single-directional. Their coupling model can be summarized as follows: (1) surrounding mountains shape the basin; (2) mountain exhumation results in basin filling; (3) the basin with increasing heat input transfers heat to surrounding mountains.
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国家自然科学基金项目(42302171)
国家自然科学基金项目(42372181)
中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(TPR⁃2023⁃02)
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