塔里木盆地雄英地区寒武系油藏演化:方解石流体包裹体及激光原位U⁃Pb年代学联合约束
张海祖 , 葛翔 , 孙崇浩 , 李帅平 , 赵青 , 肖子怡 , 张科 , 李乾申
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (5) : 1803 -1818.
塔里木盆地雄英地区寒武系油藏演化:方解石流体包裹体及激光原位U⁃Pb年代学联合约束
Evolution of Cambrian Reservoirs in Xiongying Area, Tarim Basin: Combined Constraints from Calcite Fluid Inclusions and Laser In-Situ U-Pb Geochronology
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准确获得深层超深层油气演化过程中的关键时刻,对于理解油气成藏过程、提高超深层油气勘探成功率具有重要帮助.近年来,随着同位素测试精度提升,针对油气成藏相关矿物的放射性同位素分析成为厘定成藏关键时刻的有效途径.本研究选择塔里木盆地库车坳陷南斜坡雄英地区寒武系超深层油藏为研究对象,基于研究区构造演化认识及盆地埋藏历史结果,进一步开展储层方解石流体包裹体及激光原位U-Pb同位素定年为核心的研究工作,联合约束该油藏的演化过程并构建其成藏模式.储层流体包裹体分析显示的三种不同荧光油包裹体及伴生盐水包裹体三期不同均一温度结果联合指示雄英地区古生代以来经历了志留纪末、二叠纪及中新世以来三期油气运移聚集过程.而储层方解石U-Pb定年结果((278.0±2.9)~(289.9±5.2)Ma)与研究区储层自生伊利石K-Ar年龄(293~255 Ma)、原油的Re-Os年龄(~285 Ma)高度的一致性指示二叠纪海西构造运动在油藏成藏过程中扮演重要作用.本次研究进一步证实储层方解石激光原位U-Pb同位素定年精确约束油气成藏时间的可行性,将成藏年代学与传统成藏研究方法联合应用于国内外深层、超深层含油气盆地油气成藏研究过程中,能帮助深入理解多旋回叠合盆地深层超深层油气的演化过程,为包括塔里木盆地在内的深层超深层油气勘探提供支撑.
Accurately obtaining the key timings of hydrocarbon evolution in reservoirs is crucial for understanding the hydrocarbon accumulation process and improving the success rate of deep and ultra-deep hydrocarbon exploration. In recent years, with the improved precision of isotope analysis, radioactive isotope analysis of minerals related to hydrocarbon has become an effective approach to determine the key timings of hydrocarbon accumulation. Taking the Cambrian ultra-deep oil reservoir in the Xiongying area on the southern slope of the Kuqa depression, Tarim basin as the research object, this study focuses on calcite fluid inclusions in reservoirs and in-situ laser U-Pb isotope dating,to jointly constrain the evolution process of the oil reservoir and establish hydrocarbon accumulation model, on the basis of tectonic evolution and the basin burial history. The analysis of reservoir fluid inclusions shows three types of fluorescent oil inclusions and the results of three phases of different homogenization temperatures of associated aqueous inclusions, which jointly indicate that the Xiongying area has experienced three phases of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation since the Paleozoic, i.e., the end of the Silurian, the Permian, and since the Miocene. Moreover, the U-Pb dating results of reservoir calcite ((278.0±2.9)-(289.9±5.2) Ma) are highly consistent with the authigenic illite K-Ar ages (293-255 Ma) of reservoirs and the crude oil Re-Os ages (about 285 Ma), indicating that the Late Hercynian tectonic movement period (Permian) played an important role in the oil reservoir accumulation process.This study further confirms the feasibility of in-situ laser U-Pb isotope dating of reservoir calcite in accurately constraining the timing of hydrocarbon accumulation. The combined application of hydrocarbon accumulation geochronology and traditional hydrocarbon accumulation processes can help deeply understand the hydrocarbon evolution process of deep and ultra-deep multi-cyclic superimposed basins, and provide support for the exploration of deep and ultra-deep hydrocarbons including those in the Tarim basin.
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中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技专项《碳酸盐岩油气富集规律及有利区带研究》(2023ZZ16YJ01)
国家自然科学基金项目(42272168)
国家自然科学基金项目(41802168)
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