黄骅坳陷上古生界深部煤层气主控因素及成藏模式
李宏军 , 陈长伟 , 董晓伟 , 秦晨烊 , 甘华军 , 卢碧娴 , 付一鸣
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (7) : 2514 -2527.
黄骅坳陷上古生界深部煤层气主控因素及成藏模式
Main Controlling Factors and Accumulation Models of Upper Paleozoic Coalbed Methane in Huanghua Depression
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黄骅坳陷构造格局复杂,上古生界煤层埋深、热演化程度和保存条件空间差异明显,煤层气富集规律及成藏类型尚不明确,制约了区域煤层气勘探开发部署.以研究区太原组、山西组主力含煤地层为对象,综合煤厚展布、煤岩煤质、镜质体反射率(Ro)平面分布、典型井埋藏‒热演化史、构造演化及岩浆活动资料,分析沉积、构造深埋和岩浆作用对煤层气成藏的控制.太原组煤层厚度和横向连续性整体优于山西组,王官屯‒乌马营和孔店‒埕海地区为主要聚煤区;构造深埋作用导致区域性高成熟度及保存条件分异,多期构造反转则造成气藏调整,岩浆热事件不仅导致浅埋或构造高部位出现异常高熟,还能叠加改造深埋煤系.研究区煤层气富集受埋藏增温、构造调整和岩浆热改造共同控制,可划分为浅埋岩浆作用、构造深埋作用、多期构造反转作用和深埋岩浆作用4类成藏模式.本研究成果可为黄骅坳陷上古生界煤层气有利区优选与勘探潜力评价提供理论支撑.
The Huanghua Depression is characterized by complex structural units. The Upper Paleozoic coal seams show marked spatial variations in burial depth, thermal maturity, and preservation conditions, and the enrichment patterns and accumulation types of coalbed methane remain unclear. This study integrated coal-thickness distribution, coal petrographic and coal-quality characteristics, plane distribution of vitrinite reflectance (Ro), burial-thermal evolution histories of typical wells, tectonic evolution, and borehole evidence of magmatic rocks to analyze the controls of sedimentation, tectonic deep burial, and magmatism on coalbed methane accumulation. The coal thickness and lateral continuity of the Taiyuan Formation are generally better than those of the Shanxi Formation, and the Wangguantun-Wumaying and Kongdian-Chenghai areas are the main coal-accumulation zones. Tectonic deep burial resulted in regional high maturity and differentiation of preservation conditions; multi-stage tectonic inversion caused reservoir adjustment; and magmatic thermal events led to abnormally high maturity in shallow-burial areas or structural highs, and could further modify deeply buried coal measures. Coalbed methane enrichment in the study area is jointly controlled by burial heating, tectonic adjustment, and magmatic thermal modification. Four accumulation models are identified: shallow-burial magmatic model, tectonic deep-burial model, multi-stage tectonic inversion model, and deep-burial magmatic model. This study provides a theoretical basis for favorable area selection and exploration potential evaluation of Upper Paleozoic CBM in the Huanghua Depression.
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国家自然科学基金重点项目(42230804)
国家自然科学基金地区项目(42262022)
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