渤海海域太古界变质岩潜山裂缝型储层发育主控因素分析
王清斌 , 刘晓健 , 叶涛 , 金小燕 , 冯冲 , 卢欢 , 李德郁 , 郝轶伟
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (02) : 453 -465.
渤海海域太古界变质岩潜山裂缝型储层发育主控因素分析
Analysis of the Main Controlling Factors of the Fractured Reservoirs Development in the Buried Hills of the Archean Metamorphic Rocks in the Bohai Sea Area
,
近几年,渤中凹陷,辽东湾地区太古界变质岩系陆续发现了多个亿吨级油气田,油气柱高度可超过1 000 m,展示了太古界潜山巨大的勘探潜力. 研究表明,储层发育程度决定了太古界潜山的油藏规模,而裂缝对储层具有核心控制作用. 分析表明,岩性对裂缝储层发育程度有明显影响,黑云母、角闪石等塑性矿物含量高的岩性段储层不发育,长石、石英矿物高含量段裂缝发育. 表生期风化淋滤降低了岩石的抗压强度,风化壳内裂缝发育程度和记录的期次都要远高于内幕带;薄片观察和模拟实验表明,发育裂缝的样品虽然裂缝被充填但其抗压强度显著降低,为后期裂缝再活化创造了条件;后期裂缝会选择原来的裂缝带重新活化,黏土矿物,碳酸盐矿物,铁质充填的裂缝更容易受到后期应力、流体的影响再活化. 宏观上,印支期逆冲推覆作用是形成裂缝储层的关键期,燕山期和喜山期断裂叠加改造对早期裂缝起到了重要的活化作用,印支期与燕山期、喜山期断裂叠合部位控制了厚层储层的分布.
In recent years, multiple billion ton oil and gas fields have been discovered in the Precambrian metamorphic rocks of the Bozhong Depression and Liaodong Bay area, with height of oil and gas column exceeding 1 000 m, demonstrating the exploration potential of the Archean buried hills. Research has shown that the degree of reservoir development determines the oil reservoir scale of the Archean buried hill, and fractures plays a key controlling role in the reservoir. The lithology has a significant impact on the development degree of fractured reservoirs, The reservoirs with high content of plastic minerals such as biotite and hornblende are not well⁃developed, while fractures are developed with high content of feldspar and quartz minerals. The weathering and leaching during the epigenetic stage reduce the compressive strength of rocks, and the degree of crack development and recorded stages in the weathering crust are much higher than those in the inner zone. Experiments and thin section analysis have shown that samples with early developed fractures, although filled with minerals, have significantly reduced compressive strength, laying the foundation for later crack development. The later fractures will choose to reactivate the original crack zone, and fractures filled with clay minerals, carbonate minerals, and iron minerals are more susceptible to reactivation under the influence of later stress and fluid.Macroscopically, the Indosinian period was a critical period for the formation of fractured reservoirs due to thrust and overturning. The superimposed transformation of faults during the Yanshan and Himalayan periods played an important role in activating early fractures. The distribution of thick reservoirs was controlled by the overlapping of faults during the Indosinian, Yanshan, and Himalayan periods.
太古界 / 变质岩 / 裂缝 / 构造应力叠加 / 储层 / 渤中凹陷 / 渤海湾盆地 / 石油地质.
Archean / metamorphic rocks / fractures / tectonic stress superposition / reservoir / Bozhong Depression / Bohai Bay Basin / petroleum geology
| [1] |
Deng, Y.H., 2015. Formation Mechanism and Exploration Practice of Large⁃Medium Buried⁃Hill Oil Fields in Bohai Sea. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 36(3): 253-261 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [2] |
Dou, L.R.,Wei, X.D.,Wang,J.C., et al.,2015.Characteristics of Granitic Basement Rock Buried⁃Hill Reservoir in Bongor Basin, Chad. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 36(8):897-904 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [3] |
Gao, X.L., 2012. Precambrian Base Structure and Reservoir Characteristics of Chengdao Oilfield in Bohai Bay Basin. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology, 34(1): 45-49, 165-166(in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [4] |
Gao, X.Z., Chen, Z.Y., Zou, Z.W., et al., 2007. Forming Conditions and Accumulation Features of Oil Pools within the Inner of Highly Buried⁃Hills of Xinglongtai in West Sag of Liaohe Depression. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 31(6): 6-9 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [5] |
Hou, G.T., Qian, X.L., Cai, D.S., 2001. The Tectonic Evolution of Bohai Basin in Mesozoic and Cenozoic Time. Acta Scicentiarum Naturalum Universitis Pekinesis, 37(6): 845-851 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [6] |
Hou, M.C., Cao, H.Y., Li, H.Y., et al., 2019. Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Deep Buried⁃Hill Reservoirs in the BZ19⁃6 Structural Belt, Bohai Sea Area. Natural Gas Industry, 39(1): 33-44 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [7] |
Li, S.Z., Suo, Y.H., Zhou, L.H., et al., 2011. Pull⁃Apart Basins within the North China Craton: Structural Pattern and Evolution of Huanghua Depression in Bohai Bay Basin. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 41(5): 1362-1379 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [8] |
Liu,H.M.,Zhang,P.F.,SongG.Q., et al,2014.Fracture Types and Distribution of Archaean Rocks in West Shandong, China.Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science),38(5):34-41 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [9] |
Ma, L., Liu, Q.X., Zhang,J.L., et al.,2006. A Discussion of Exploration Potentlals of Basement Hydrocarbon Reservoir. Natural Gas Industry, 26(1):8-11 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [10] |
Smith, J., 1956. Basement Reservoir of La Paz⁃Mara Oil Fields, Western Venezuela: Geological Notes. AAPG Bulletin, 40: 380-385. https://doi.org/10.1306/5CEAE328⁃16BB⁃11D7⁃8645000102C1865D |
| [11] |
Song, B.R., Hu, Y.J., Bian, S.Z., et al., 2011. Reservoir Characteristics of the Crystal Basement in the Xinglongtai Buried⁃Hill, Liaohe Depression. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 32(1): 77-82 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [12] |
Sun, X.J., Yang, W., Bai, Y.D., et al., 2019. Characterization of the Reservoir⁃Caprock Assemblage of the Basement Reservoir in the Qaidam Basin, China. Natural Gas Geoscience, 30(2): 228-236 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [13] |
Tong, K. J., Zhao, C. M., Lü, Z. B., et al., 2012. Reservoir Evaluation and Fracture Chracterization of the Metamorphic Buried Hill Reservoir in Bohai Bay Basin. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 39(1): 62-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876⁃3804(12)60015⁃9 |
| [14] |
Wang, D.Y., Wang, Q.B., Liu, X.J., et al., 2019. Characteristics and Developing Patterns of Gneiss Buried Hill Weathering Crust Reservoir in the Sea Area of the Bohai Bay Basin. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 35(4): 1181-1193 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [15] |
Wang, Q.B., Niu, C.M., Liu X.J., et al.,2019. The Relationship of the Densification Diagenesis and Hydrocarbon Charging of the Deep⁃Buried Glutenite Gas Reservoir, Bozhong Sag. Natural Gas Industry, 39(5):25-33 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [16] |
Wang, Q.B., Niu, C.M., Pan, W.J., et al., 2020. Impacts of Basement Lithology on Reservoir of Lacustrine Carbonate and Clastic Mixed⁃Deposition in Member l of Shahejie Formation, Bohai Sea Area. Earth Science, 45(10): 3556-3566 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [17] |
Wu,Z.P.,Hou,X. B.,Li,W.,2007.Discussion on Mesozoic Basin Patternsand Evolution in the Eastern North China Block.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,31(4):385-399 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [18] |
Xia, Q.L., Zhou, X.H., Li, J.P., et al., 2012. The Sedimentary Evolution and Distribution of Paleogene Sequence in the Bohai Sea Area. Petroleum Industry Press, Beijing(in Chinese). |
| [19] |
Xu, C. G., Wang, Q. B., Zhu, H. T., et al., 2024. Hydrothermal Alteration Mechanisms of an Archaean Metamorphic Buried Hill and the Models for Reservoir Zonation, Bozhong Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 164: 106843. |
| [20] |
Xu, C. G., Yu, H. B., Wang, J., et al., 2019. Formation Conditions and Accumulation Characteristics of Bozhong 19⁃6 Large Condensate Gas Field in Offshore Bohai Bay Basin. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 46(1): 25-38 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [21] |
Xu, C.G., Du, X.F., Liu, X.J., et al., 2020.Formation Mechanism of High⁃Quality Deep Buried⁃Hill Reservoir of Archaean Metamorphic Rocks and Its Significance in Petroleum Exploration in Bohai Sea Area. Oil & Gas Geology, 41(2): 235-247, 294(in Chinese with English abstract).. |
| [22] |
Xue, Y.A., 2019. The Breakthrough of the Deep⁃Buried Gas Exploration in the Bohai Sea Area and Its Enlightenment. Natural Gas Industry, 39(1): 11-20 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [23] |
Ye, T., Niu,C.M., Wang, Q.B.,et al.,2021.Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Large Bedrock Burried Hill Reservoirs in the Bohai Basin:A Case Study of the BZ19⁃6 Condensate Field. Acta Geologica Sinica, 95(6):1889-1902 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [24] |
Zhang, P.F., Cao, Z.X., Liu, H.M., et al., 2016. Main Controlling Factors of Archaeozoic Inner Buried Hill Reservoir: With Luxi and Jiyang Area as an Example. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 45(1): 96-104 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [25] |
Zhou, X.H., Wang, Q.B., Feng, C., et al., 2022. Formation Conditions and Geological Significance of Large Archean Buried Hill Reservoirs in Bohai Sea. Earth Science, 47 (5): 1534-1548 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [26] |
Zhou, X.H., Xiang, H., Yu, S., et al., 2005. Reservoir Characteristics and Development Controlling Factors of JZS Neo⁃Archean Metamorphic Buried Hill Oil Pool in Bohai Sea. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 32(6): 17-20 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [27] |
Zhou, X.H., Zhang, R.C., Li, H.Y., et al., 2017. Major Controls on Natural Gas Accumulations in Deep-Buried Hills in Bozhong Depression, Bohai Bay Basin. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 41(1): 42-50 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
国家“十三五”科技重大专项(2016ZX05024003)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |