应用矿物基复合材料控制水环境污染:性能、机制与功效
刘子森 , 李勇 , 张义 , 周巧红 , 田熙科 , 吴振斌 , 王焰新
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (01) : 1 -18.
应用矿物基复合材料控制水环境污染:性能、机制与功效
Application of Mineral⁃Based Composite Materials for Aquatic Environmental Pollution Control: Properties, Mechanisms and Performances
,
矿物基复合材料融合了矿物材料的特性和复合材料的优势,因其独特的功效而成为生态环境研究领域的热点,已被广泛应用于水环境质量提升的工程实践中.综述了矿物基复合材料的结构与性能提升方法,包括酸/碱刻蚀、热活化改性、表面改性及金属纳米颗粒负载改性,并探讨了其高效固定/去除水环境中重金属、有机及无机污染物的机制,包括吸附作用、催化反应及其与水体微生物和水生植物等水生生物的联合作用.矿物基复合材料可以通过强化生物生态修复,促进水生植物生长,增强微生物多样性,从而进一步改善水环境质量.总结了矿物基复合材料在水环境治理中的工程应用案例,并强调了未来重点研究方向,评估其在不同水质环境下的效能及长期影响,探索与先进技术的最佳联合应用,优化生产工艺和材料成本.
Due to the coupled effects of the properties of minerals and the advantages offered by composite materials, mineral-based composite materials have exhibited unique performances and attracted significant attention in the field of eco-environmental studies with extensive applications in improving water quality. This paper reviews various methods for enhancing the structure and properties of mineral-based composites materials, including acid/alkali etching, thermal activation modification, surface modification, and metal nanoparticle load modification. The mechanisms of these materials in effectively fixing/removing heavy metals, organic and inorganic pollutants in the aquatic environmental pollutants include adsorption, catalytic reactions, and synergistic effects with aquatic organisms such as microorganisms and aquatic plants. Mineral-based composite material plays a vital role in advancing biological ecological restoration, promoting the growth of aquatic plants, and enhancing microbial diversity. And the paper summarizes application cases of mineral-based composite materials in water environment restoration and management, and emphasizes the focus of future research on assessing their performance and long-term effects in different water quality environments, exploring best approaches of their joint application with other advanced techniques, and optimizing their manufacturing processes and material costs.
矿物基复合材料 / 性能提升 / 污染控制机制 / 水环境质量提升 / 工程应用.
mineral⁃based composite material / performance enhancement / contamination control mechanism / water quality improvement / engineering application
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国家自然科学基金项目(32201384)
国家自然科学基金项目(31830013)
国家自然科学基金项目(U20A2010)
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