北山地区中口子盆地下白垩统赤金堡组孢粉组合及其意义
任文秀 , 胡斌 , 唐德亮 , 吴靖宇 , 孙柏年
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (03) : 1234 -1249.
北山地区中口子盆地下白垩统赤金堡组孢粉组合及其意义
Palynological Assemblage and Its Significance of the Lower Cretaceous Chijinbao Formation in the Zhongkouzi Basin, Beishan Area
,
孢粉化石在确定地层时代和恢复古气候方面都具有重要指示意义.本文首次对北山地区中口子盆地下白垩统赤金堡组中段的孢粉化石进行了细致的分析,共获得孢粉56属84种,其中蕨类植物孢子含量为29.3%,裸子植物花粉含量为62.6%,被子植物花粉含量为8.1%.依据具有时代意义孢粉分子,将赤金堡组中段的地质时代厘定为早白垩世中期Hauterivian-Aptian.并划分出3个孢粉组合,底部为Ephedripites-Pterisisporites-Retitricolpites组合,中部为Classopollis-Cicatricosisporites-Tricolpites组合,上部为Triporoletes⁃Laricoidites组合.3个孢粉组合带从老到新分别代表南亚热带半干半湿的针叶林、灌草丛到亚热带半干旱的针叶林、灌木丛再到北亚热带半湿润针叶林植被类型,气候呈现先变干热后变湿热的特征.
Fossil spores and pollen are important indicators for stratigraphic age determination and paleoclimate recovery. In this paper, we first reported the palynological assemblage in the middle part of the Lower Cretaceous Chijinbao Formation in the Zhongkouzi basin of the Beishan area. A total of 56 genera and 84 species of spores and pollens were obtained from the deposits, including 29.3% of fern spores, 62.6% of gymnosperm pollens, and 8.1% of angiosperm pollens. Based on the significant spore and pollen components in the palynological assemblage, we assigned the middle part of the Chijinbao Formation to the middle Early Cretaceous Hauterivian-Aptian. We divided three sequences based on palynological assemblage characteristics, with Ephedripites⁃Pterisisporites⁃Retitricolpites assemblage at the bottom, Classopollis⁃Cicatricosisporites⁃Tricolpites assemblage at the middle, and Triporoletes⁃Laricoidites assemblage at the top. Three Palynological assemblages from old to new respectively represent the vegetation of southern subtropical semi-dry and semi-humid coniferous forests, scrubs to subtropical semi-arid coniferous forests, northern subtropical semi-humid coniferous forests. The climate shows a characteristic of first becoming dry and hot and then becoming hot and humid.
北山地区 / 中口子盆地 / 赤金堡组中段 / 孢粉组合 / 地质时代 / 古气候 / 地层学.
Beishan area / Zhongkouzi basin / middle section of Chijinbao Formation / palynological assemblage / geochronology / paleoclimate / stratigraphy
| [1] |
Batten, D. J., 1996. Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous Miospores. In: Jansonius, J., Mcgregor, D. C., eds., Palynology: Principles and Applications, No. 2. American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists’ Foundation, Dallas, 807-830. |
| [2] |
Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Gansu Province, 1997. Stratigraphy (Lithostratic) of Gansu Province. China University of Geosciences Press, Wuhan (in Chinese). |
| [3] |
Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Nei Mongol Autonomous Region, 1996. Stratigraphy(Lithostratic) of Nei Mongol Autonomous Region. China University of Geosciences Press, Wuhan (in Chinese). |
| [4] |
Chen, J. H., Shang, Y. K., 2015. Early Cretaceous Palynological Assemblage Sequence and Palaeoclimate Research in Zhalainuoer Coalmine, Manzhouli, Inner Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 54(3): 316-341 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [5] |
Cui, Y., 2015. Analysis of Palynomorph Assemblage and Palaeoclimate in the Middle Part of Yixian Formation, Yixian Basin in Western Liaoning Province (Dissertation). Northeastern University, Shenyang (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [6] |
Ding, Q. H., Li, Y. F., Zhang, J., et al., 2010. Early Cretaceous Palynological Assemblages from the Wulangai Basin, Inner Mongolia. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 27(2): 159-172 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [7] |
Dörhöfer, G., Norris, G., 1977. Discrimination and Correlation of Highest Jurassic and Lowest Cretaceous Terrestrial Palynofloras in North⁃West Europe. Palynology, 1(1): 79-93. https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.1977.9989151 |
| [8] |
Du, B. X., 2013. Fossil Plants from the Lower Cretaceous of Yumen, Gansu Province and Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction (Dissertation). Lanzhou University, Lanzhou (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [9] |
Gao, R. Q., Zhao, C. B., Qiao, X. Y., et al., 1999. Cretaceous Oil Strata Palynology from Songliao Basin. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, 206-372 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [10] |
Herngreen, G. F. W., Kedves, M., Rovnina, L. V., et al., 1996. Cretaceous Palynofloral Provinces: A Review. In: Jansonius, J., Mcgregor, D. C., eds., Palynology: Principles and Applications, No. 3. American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists’Foundation, Dallas, 1157-1188. |
| [11] |
Hochuli, P. A., 1981. North Gondwanan Floral Elements in Lower to Middle Cretaceous Sediments of the Southern Alps (Southern Switzerland, Northern Italy). Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 35(2-4): 337-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/0034⁃6667(81)90116⁃0 |
| [12] |
Huang, J. D., Ren, D., 2008. Ephemeropsis Trisetalis Eichwald might Have been Absent in the Jehol Biota from China. Geological Review, 54(5): 602-608 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [13] |
Hughes, N. F., McDougall, A. B., 1987. Records of Angiospermid Pollen Entry into the English Early Cretaceous Succession. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 50(3): 255-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/0034⁃6667(87)90003⁃0 |
| [14] |
Jin, Y. H., Chang, L., Peng, C., et al., 2020. Geochemical Anomaly Characteristics and Uranium Deposit Prospecting Indication in Zhongkouzi Basin, Beishan Mountains. Mineral Exploration, 11(3): 546-552 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [15] |
Li, W. B., 1984. Early Cretaceous Sporopollen Assemblages in Jiaohe, Jilin Province. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Geology and paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19: 67-141 (in Chinese). |
| [16] |
Li, W. B., 2001. An Earliest Cretaceous Palynological Assemblage from the Tuntianyin Formation in Antu, Jilin Province. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 40(4): 450-456 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [17] |
Lin, M. Q., 2020. Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Palynofloras of Northern China and Xizang and Their Palaeoenvironmental Significances (Dissertation). University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [18] |
Lin, M. Q., Li, J. G., 2019. Late Jurassic⁃Early Cretaceous Palynofloras in the Lhasa Block, Central Xizang, China and Their Bearing on Palaeoenvironments. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 515: 95-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.05.038 |
| [19] |
Lin, M. Q., Li, J. G., Peng, J. G., 2016. Early Cretaceous Palynological Assemblages from the Third Member of the Tuchengzi Formation at Sihetun, Beipiao County, Western Liaoning Province, Northeast China and Their Implications. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 33(3): 261-271 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [20] |
Liu, Z. S., 2000. Early Cretaceous Sporopollen Assemblage from the Hanxia of Yumen in Gansu, Nw China. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 17(1): 73-84 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [21] |
Ma, Q. H., Lin, Q. B., Ye, C. H., et al., 1982. Division and Comparison of Chijinbao Formation and Xinminbao Group in the West of Jiuquan Basin. Journal of Stratigraphy, 6(2): 112-120 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [22] |
Qiao, S. H., Wang, C. F., 1986. Early Cretaceous sporo⁃Pollen Assemblages from Southern Henan, China. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 25(1): 97-103 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [23] |
Ren, W. X., 2022. Early Cretaceous Plant Fossils and Paleoenvironment of Zhongkouzi Basin in Beishan Area (Dissertation). Lanzhou University, Lanzhou (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [24] |
Ren, W. X., Han, L., Wu, G. T., et al., 2024. Discovery of Early Cretaceous Ginkgoites in Beishan, Gansu Province: Also on Changes of Paleoatmospheric CO2 in Jurassic to Cretaceous in Gansu Province. Earth Science, 49(1): 209-223 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [25] |
Schrank, E., 1992. Nonmarine Cretaceous Correlations in Egypt and Northern Sudan: Palynological and Palaeobotanical Evidence. Cretaceous Research, 13(4): 351-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/0195⁃6671(92)90040⁃w |
| [26] |
Wan, C. B., 2006. Cretaceous Palynological Flora in Hailar Basin (Dissertation). Jilin University, Changchun (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [27] |
Wei, Y., Yang, B., Xia, H. D., et al., 2021. Paleovegetation and Paleoclimate during Mid⁃Late Eocene in Fushun Basin. Earth Science, 46(5): 1848-1861 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [28] |
Wu, S. B., Bai, Y. B., 2006. Jurassic⁃Cretaceous Source rock⁃Reservoir⁃Cap Associations and Hydrocarbon Potentials in the Beishan Basins. Chinese Journal of Geology, 41(1): 1-9 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [29] |
Yang, S. H., He, H. Y., Jin, F., et al., 2020. The Appearance and Duration of the Jehol Biota: Constraint from SIMS U⁃Pb Zircon Dating for the Huajiying Formation in Northern China. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(25): 14299-14305. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1918272117 |
| [30] |
Yu, J. X., Pu, R. G., Wu, H. Z., 1986. Sporo⁃Pollen Assemblages from the Upper Part of the Rehe Group, Liaoning Province. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 7(2): 93-119 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [31] |
Zhang, J. L., Pan, Z. L., Chen, C., et al., 2017. Sedimentary Characteristics and Age of the Early Cretaceous Chijinbao Formation in the Sandaomingshui of Beishan Area, Inner Mongolia. Geological Survey and Research, 40(1): 29-34, 80 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [32] |
Zhang, M. Z., 2014. Late Mesozoic Environment and Ecology EvolutionBased on Palynological Records from Central East Asia (Dissertation). Lanzhou University, Lanzhou (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [33] |
Zhang, Q. R., 2009. Preliminary Summary of Cretaceous Neogene Sporopollen Fossil Assemblages in Central South China. China University of Geosciences Press, Wuhan (in Chinese). |
| [34] |
Zhang, Y. Y., 1999. The Evolutionary Succession of Cretaceous Angiosperm Pollen in China. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 38(4): 435-453 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR5RA039)
国家自然科学基金项目(42362003)
国家自然科学基金项目(32170222)
国家自然科学基金项目(31870200)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |