马面硫铁矿矿区水体水化学和同位素特征及环境指示意义
邓杏彬 , 黄深 , 任坤 , 黄南锐 , 何光 , 黄惠及 , 曾洁 , 程瑞瑞 , 潘晓东
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (04) : 1531 -1544.
马面硫铁矿矿区水体水化学和同位素特征及环境指示意义
Hydrochemical and Isotopic Characteristics of Water in Mamian Pyrite Mining Area and Their Environmental Indication Significance
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酸性矿坑水(acid mine drainage,AMD)会导致受纳水体水质恶化,加速碳酸盐岩溶解而释放CO2,危害甚广.结合水文地质条件,采用水化学和同位素手段,探讨桂林马面矿区地表水和地下水中污染物来源及迁移机制.流域水体化学组分主要来源于碳酸盐岩和硅酸盐岩的风化以及硫化物的氧化,水化学类型以Ca-HCO3为主,部分采样点受人类活动影响转为Ca-HCO3·SO4和Ca·(K+Na)-HCO3型.硫氧同位素揭示硫化物氧化、雨水和污水是流域地表水和地下水SO42-的主要来源.从水化学和同位素组成变化表明,AMD对地表水和地下水的影响沿流程增加而逐渐降低,分别影响至下游约13.5 km和1.5 km.此研究不仅揭示了AMD和人类活动对研究区水体的负面影响,为马面矿区水资源保护治理提供了基础数据;同时证实了同位素和水化学相结合是研究矿区污染物迁移转化的有效手段,为其他矿区污染物的研究提供了新思路.
Acid mine drainage (AMD) can contribute to deterioration of the receiving water quality, accelerate the dissolution of carbonate rocks, leading to the release of CO2, which poses a wide range of hazards. Combined with the hydrogeological setting, hydrochemical and isotopic methods are employed to investigate the sources and migration mechanisms of pollutants in surface and groundwater of the Mamian mining area in Guilin, China. Results show that: (1) the chemical composition of surface water and groundwater mainly came from the weathering of carbonate and silicate rock, as well as the oxidation of sulfide, and Ca-HCO3 was the main water type in the study area, while some sites affected by AMD and domestic sewage wastewater changed to Ca-HCO3·SO4 and Ca·(K+Na)-HCO3 types; (2) sulfur and oxygen isotopes indicate that sulfide, rainwater and sewage were the three main SO42- sources for sampled surface-ground waters; and (3) changes in hydrochemical and isotopic composition indicate that the influence of AMD on surface water and groundwater gradually decreased along the flow directions, affecting to approximately 13.5 km and 1.5 km downstream, respectively. This study not only revealed the negative impact of AMD and human activities on the waters, provided basic data for the protection of water resources for the studied mine area. At the same time, the combination of isotope and water chemistry is proved to be an effective means to study the migration and transformation of pollutants in mining area, which provides a new idea for the study of pollutants in other mining areas.
水化学 / 硫氧同位素 / 酸性矿坑水 / 硫酸盐 / 岩溶 / 水文地质学.
hydrochemistry / sulfur and oxygen isotopes / acid mine drainage / sulfate / karst / hydrogeology
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广西自然科学基金(2021JJA150041)
广西自然科学基金(2023JJD150024)
广西重点研发专项(GuikeAB21196026)
广西重点研发专项(2023AB26039)
中国地质科学院基本科研业务费(2022005)
中国地质科学院基本科研业务费(2023018)
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20242733)
国家自然科学基金项目(41702278)
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