基于UAV高密度点云的结构面粗糙度分形特征与各向异性
宋盛渊 , 刘殿泽 , 李保天 , 赵明宇 , 杨泽 , 黄迪 , 王思骢
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (04) : 1599 -1611.
基于UAV高密度点云的结构面粗糙度分形特征与各向异性
Structural Surface Roughness Based on UAV High Density Point Cloud Fractal Characteristics and Anisotropy
为研究岩体结构面各向异性对粗糙度评价的影响,以藏东南某铁路察达工点高陡斜坡为研究对象,运用无人机综合摄影测量技术,提取研究区结构面高密度点云并剪裁结构面轮廓线,采用修正直边法与盒维数法求算粗糙度系数JRC与分形维数D,拟合JRC与D的新公式并利用数字化Barton标准线验证.选取压剪性和拉张性结构面各15个,运用新公式计算各采样方向的JRC.结果表明:压剪性结构面粗糙度各向异性规律显著,整体上JRC由剪切滑动方向至垂直剪切滑动方向递增,呈椭圆状分布;拉张性结构面粗糙度存在各向异性但无明显规律,JRC随采样角度变化波动较大,呈刺状分布.证明不同力学成因的结构面JRC各向异性存在差异,在评价粗糙度时应遵循不同采样规则.
To study the influence of anisotropy of rock mass structural plane on roughness evaluation, taking the rock mass on the high and steep slope of a railway Chada site in southeast Tibet as the research object, the integrated photogram technology of unmanned aerial vehicle was used to extract the high-density point cloud of the structural plane in the study area and cut the outline of the structural plane. The roughness coefficient JRC and fractal dimension D were calculated by the modified straight edge method and the box dimension method respectively. The new JRC and D formulas are fitted and verified by digital Barton standard lines. 15 structural planes formed under shear and tension were selected and the new formula was used to calculate the JRC in large quantities. The results show that the shear surface roughness is anisotropic, and the JRC is smaller along the shear direction, larger along the vertical shear direction, and the fluctuation with sampling angle is small. The tensile surface roughness also has anisotropy but no obvious rule, and JRC fluctuates greatly with sampling angle. It is proved that the JRC anisotropy of structural planes with different mechanical origin is also different, and different sampling rules should be followed when evaluating roughness.
无人机 / 综合摄影测量 / 高密度点云 / 结构面粗糙度 / 分形维数 / 各向异性 / 工程地质学.
UAV / integrated photogrammetry / high density point cloud / structural surface roughness / fractal dimension / anisotropy / engineering geology
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国家自然科学基金项目(42177139)
国家自然科学基金项目(41941017)
吉林省自然科学基金项目(20230101088JC)
吉林省教育厅科学研究项目(JJKH20231182KJ)
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