尿路造口患者照顾者照护体验的质性研究
Qualitative study of caregiving experience of caregivers of patients with urostomy
目的 探讨尿路造口患者照顾者的照护体验,为临床制定针对性的护理干预措施提供依据。 方法 采用现象学研究方法,对2023年1月—12月安徽省某三级甲等医院泌尿外科收治的10例尿路造口患者的主要照顾者进行半结构化访谈,运用Colaizzi七步分析法对访谈资料进行整理分析并提炼主题。 结果 共归纳出4个主题:照顾者多重照护压力、照护水平不一、照护认知水平差异化、资源利用有限并渴望支持。 结论 尿路造口患者照顾者在照护过程中面临生理、心理和经济等多重压力,同时因资源利用限制及认知水平差异,导致照护质量参差不齐。护理人员应高度重视照顾者的身心健康,通过技能培训、心理疏导、家庭及社会支持等干预措施,帮助照顾者缓解照护压力,构建专科护士主导的社区支持网络,提供规范化、全程化的造口护理指导,以优化照护实践。
Objective To explore the caregiving experience of caregivers of patients with urinary tract stoma and provide a basis for formulating targeted nursing intervention measures in clinical practice. Methods A phenomenological research method was adopted to conduct semi-structured interviews with the main caregivers of 10 patients with urinary tract stoma admitted to the urology department of a tertiary grade A hospital in Anhui Province from January to December 2023. The interview data were sorted and analyzed using the Colaizzi seven-step analysis method and the themes were extracted. Results A total of four themes were summarized: multiple caregiving pressures of caregivers, inconsistent caregiving levels, differentiated caregiving cognitive levels, limited resource utilization and desire for support. Conclusion Caregivers of patients with urinary tract stoma face multiple pressures such as physical, psychological and economic during the care process. Meanwhile, due to the limitations of resource utilization and differences in cognitive levels, the quality of care varies. Nursing staff should attach great importance to the physical and mental health of caregivers. Through intervention measures such as skills training, psychological counseling, family and social support, they should help caregivers relieve the pressure of care, build a community support network led by specialized nurses, and provide standardized and full-process stoma care guidance to optimize care practice.
Urinary tract stoma / Caregiver / Care experience / Qualitative research
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安徽省科学研究重点项目(2023AH051728)
安徽省校级重点项目(WKS2022Z02)
安徽省校级中青年科研基金项目(WKS2021F05)
皖南医学院第一附属医院管理与服务创新项目(CX2023035)
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