透明帽在内镜食管静脉曲张硬化治疗术中的应用研究
何荣攀 , 宋健 , 熊操 , 王苹 , 王杰 , 马久红
赣南医科大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (07) : 685 -688.
透明帽在内镜食管静脉曲张硬化治疗术中的应用研究
Study on the application of the transparent cap in endoscopic sclerotherapy for esophageal varices
食管静脉曲张破裂出血(Esophageal varices bleeding, EVB)是肝硬化最严重的并发症,内镜下治疗一年后再出血率高达60%~80%,病死率高达25%~50%。内镜下硬化治疗(Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy, EIS)作为当前EVB的主流疗法,急诊止血率可达90%以上。透明帽作为内镜下硬化治疗时的辅助装置,通过改善视野、固定靶静脉等机制,可显著提升EIS的治疗效果。本文结合近年来国内外研究文献综述了透明帽在EIS中的应用价值,重点分析了其六大临床优势:有效减少术中出血、优化术野清晰度、提高操作精准性、减少穿孔概率、降低并发症发生率及缩短手术时间。同时,透明帽在内镜下治疗也存在部分局限性,例如边缘锐利可能损伤血管等。透明帽应用于内镜下食管曲张静脉硬化治疗临床报道较少,但其安全性高、操作简便,治疗时间短,并发症的发生率明显降低,值得推荐使用。
Esophageal varices bleeding (EVB) is the most severe complication of liver cirrhosis, with a rebleeding rate as high as 60%-80% within one year after endoscopic treatment and a mortality rate of 25%-50%. Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS), as the current mainstream treatment, achieves emergency hemostasis rates exceeding 90%. The transparent cap, as an auxiliary device during EIS, significantly enhances treatment efficacy by improving visual field and stabilizing target veins. This article systematically reviews the clinical value of transparent caps in EIS based on recent domestic and international research, focusing on six major advantages: effectively reducing intraoperative bleeding, optimizing visual clarity, improving operational precision, decreasing perforation risk, reducing complication rates, and shortening procedure time. However, there exist some limitations, such as potential vascular injury due to the cap's sharp edges. Although clinical reports on transparent cap-assisted EIS for esophageal varices remain limited, its high safety profile, operational simplicity, shortened procedure duration, and significantly reduced complication rates make it highly recommendable for clinical application.
Transparent cap / Esophageal varices / Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy
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