微格教学法在中医皮肤科临床见习中的应用研究
冯蕙裳 , 刁若涵 , 陈广山 , 翟烨 , 车轶文 , 林泰骄 , 李玲玲
中医教育 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4) : 39 -43.
微格教学法在中医皮肤科临床见习中的应用研究
Application of the microteaching method in the clinical clerkship of TCM dermatology
目的 研究微格教学法在中医皮肤科临床见习中的应用效果。 方法 以北京中医药大学2020级中医学专业(5+3)129名本科生为研究对象,考虑到期末考试成绩的公平性与授课场地及病例的局限性,此次研究按班级分组,试验组1个班(n=28),对照组3个班(n=101)。试验组采用微格教学法的新型见习授课模式,对照组采用传统见习授课模式,学生在临床见习前后分别进行基础知识掌握情况的测评,并由带教老师对临床问诊与病例汇报环节进行多维度评分,同时收集学生的课堂满意度评价。 结果 2组学生见习后基础知识、医患沟通能力得分均较见习前明显提升(P<0.01),但同期组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);其中,试验组见习前基础知识(93.71±4.80)分、见习后(98.00±4.15)分,对照组见习前(92.99±5.97)分、见习后(96.99±4.25)分;试验组见习前医患沟通能力(19.75±0.50)分、见习后(27.50±0.58)分,对照组见习前(19.83±0.75)分、见习后(27.50±1.05)分,学生医患沟通能力提升主要集中在4个核心环节。SOAP病历汇报评价显示,2组学生干预后成绩均明显提升,试验组总分由约65分提高至87分,对照组由约65分提高至82分。课程满意度方面,2组学生对课堂授课的满意度评价均高于临床见习,试验组课堂授课满意度(9.82±0.39)分、临床见习满意度(9.68±0.77)分,对照组分别为(9.85±0.48)分、(9.66±0.80)分,组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组75%的学生喜欢微格教学法模式,96%的学生认为该模式收获更多、值得推广。 结论 微格教学法在中医皮肤科带教中具有一定积极作用和应用潜力,可助力知识转化、提升临床思维与沟通能力、激发学习兴趣,但受样本量等因素限制,效果稳定性需进一步验证,后续需扩大样本、优化方案,并探索其在相关中医专科的推广价值。
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the microteaching method in the clinical clerkship of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) dermatology. Methods A total of 129 undergraduate students enrolled in the 2020 cohort of the five-year-plus-three-year TCM program at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were included. Considering fairness in final examination scores and limitations in teaching venues and clinical cases, the students were grouped by class: one class was assigned to the experimental group (n=28), and three classes to the control group (n=101). The experimental group received a new clerkship teaching model based on the microteaching method, whereas the control group received the conventional clerkship teaching model. Students’ mastery of basic knowledge was assessed before and after the clinical clerkship. Instructors conducted multidimensional evaluations of students’ clinical inquiry and SOAP case presentations, and students’ course satisfaction was also collected. Results After the clerkship, scores for basic knowledge and doctor-patient communication ability increased significantly in both groups compared with pre-clerkship scores (P<0.01), with no statistically significant between-group differences at the corresponding time points(P>0.05). In the experimental group, the basic knowledge score increased from (93.71±4.80) before the clerkship to (98.00±4.15) after the clerkship; in the control group, it increased from (92.99±5.97) to (96.99±4.25). For doctor-patient communication ability, the score increased from (19.75±0.50) to (27.50±0.58) in the experimental group, and from (19.83±0.75) to (27.50±1.05) in the control group. The improvement in doctor-patient communication ability was mainly reflected in four core components. Evaluation of SOAP case presentations showed that scores improved markedly in both groups after the intervention: the total score increased from approximately 65 to 87 in the experimental group and from approximately 65 to 82 in the control group. In terms of course satisfaction, students in both groups rated classroom teaching higher than clinical clerkship. The classroom teaching and clinical clerkship satisfaction scores were (9.82±0.39) and(9.68±0.77) in the experimental group, and (9.85±0.48) and (9.66±0.80) in the control group, respectively, with no statistically significant between-group differences (P>0.05). In the experimental group, 75% of students favored the microteaching model, and 96% reported that the model was more beneficial and worthy of wider application. Conclusion The microteaching method shows certain positive effects and application potential in the teaching of TCM dermatology. It may facilitate the transfer of knowledge into clinical practice, enhance clinical reasoning and communication ability, and stimulate students’ learning interest. However, owing to limitations such as sample size, the stability of its effects requires further verification. Future studies should expand the sample size, optimize the teaching design, and explore its value for wider application in related TCM specialties.
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北京中医药大学教育科学研究课题(XJY23039)
北京中医药大学教育教学改革案例库专项课题(XJYZ23003)
教育部产学合作协同育人项目(231001282251906)
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