中医药职业教育中文化传承与技能培养的融合路径构建研究
Research on the construction of integration pathways for cultural inheritance and skill cultivation in vocational education of traditional Chinese medicine
针对中医药职业教育中长期存在的文化传承与技能培养“两张皮”现象,旨在构建一个促进二者深度融合的育人体系。研究基于情境学习理论与泰勒课程理论,采用实践案例分析法,以江苏联合职业技术学院连云港中医药分院为基地,系统提出了“场域营造-课程重构-资源匹配-师资育训”四位一体的解决路径。具体而言,研究通过营造“环境即教材”的中医药文化沉浸式场域,破解载体缺失难题。依据中医学“三因制宜”治则重构“筑基—强技—致用”的渐进式课程体系,解决课程脱节问题;创立“普查开发+技艺活化”模式推动地方医药非遗资源教学转化,并构建“赛教融合+三维师承”机制以培育具备实践性知识的师资梯队。实践表明,该体系有效促进了文化传承与技能培养的协同发展,为“文化-技能”一体化人才培养提供了参考方案。
This paper addresses the long-standing problem of the separation between cultural inheritance and skill cultivation in vocational education of traditional Chinese medicine. It aims to construct an educational system that promotes the deep integration of these two aspects. Based on situational learning theory and Tyler’s curriculum theory, and using practical case analysis with the Lianyungang Branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jiangsu Union Technical Institute as the research base, the study proposes a four-in-one pathway consisting of “environment creation, curriculum reconstruction, resource matching, and faculty development and training.” Specifically, the study creates an immersive cultural environment in which “the environment itself serves as a textbook,” thereby addressing the lack of cultural carriers. Guided by the traditional Chinese medicine principle of “treatment based on three factors of adaptation,” a progressive curriculum system of “foundation building, skill strengthening, and practical application” is reconstructed to solve the problem of curriculum fragmentation. In addition, a model combining “survey-based resource development and skill revitalization” is established to promote the teaching transformation of local traditional medicine intangible cultural heritage resources. A mechanism integrating “competition and teaching” and a “three-dimensional apprenticeship system” is also developed to cultivate a faculty team with strong practical knowledge. Practice shows that this system effectively promotes the coordinated development of cultural inheritance and skill cultivation, providing a reference approach for integrated talent training that combines culture and skills.
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江苏省职业教育中药技艺技能传承创新平台(苏教师函〔2022〕31号)
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