宋代程文格与中医经典等级考试视域下的文化自信建构
Construction of cultural confidence from the perspective of Song-dynasty Chengwenge and the graded examination of competency in TCM classics
宋代程文格作为科举制度中规范文章写作的范式,不仅是古代教育标准化的重要实践,更构建了“以制度规范传承核心文化”的历史逻辑,通过固定程式与正统性要求,将儒家经典与价值体系稳定传递,这一思维对传统知识体系(包括中医学)的传承具有深刻范式意义。当代中医药经典能力等级考试,正是对程文格“制度性传承逻辑”的现代转化;以标准化评价体系锚定中医经典的核心地位,在用西医学话语提问冲击下坚守中医文化主体性。通过剖析程文格“规范传承-经典守正-文化凝聚”的内在机制,结合中医经典等级考试的实践现状,系统揭示两者在“以制度保障文化传承”“以经典锚定知识核心”“以知行合一培育自信”3个方面的传承与发展关系,阐明传统知识体系传承中“守正”与“创新”的辩证关系,为新时代文化自信与中医自信的培育提供历史借鉴与实践路径。
As a normative paradigm for essay writing in the imperial examination system, Chengwenge in the Song dynasty was not only an important practice of educational standardization in ancient China, but also established the historical logic of“transmitting core culture through institutional norms.”Through fixed formats and requirements of orthodoxy, it ensured the stable transmission of Confucian classics and their value system. This mode of thinking has profound paradigmatic significance for the inheritance of traditional knowledge systems, including Chinese medicine. The contemporary graded examination of competency in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) classics represents a modern transformation of the “institutional logic of transmission” embodied in Chengwenge. By anchoring the core position of TCM classics through a standardized evaluation system, it helps uphold the cultural subjectivity of Chinese medicine under the impact of Western medical discourse. By analyzing the internal mechanism of Chengwenge, namely“normative transmission, adherence to the classics, and cultural cohesion,”and by considering the current practice of the graded examination of competency in TCM classics, this paper systematically reveals the inheritance and development relationship between the two in three aspects: safeguarding cultural transmission through institutions, anchoring the core of knowledge through the classics, and cultivating confidence through the unity of knowledge and practice. It further clarifies the dialectical relationship between “upholding fundamental principles” and“innovation”in the inheritance of traditional knowledge systems, thereby providing historical reference and practical pathways for cultivating cultural confidence and confidence in Chinese medicine in the new era.
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2022年国家中医药管理局青年岐黄学者项目
辽宁省应用基础研究计划(2023JH2/101300050)
辽宁省中央引导地方科技发展专项(2019JH6/10200009)
辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”青年拔尖人才项目(XLYC1807145)
辽宁省科技计划联合计划自然科学基金-博士科研启动项目(2024-BSLH-152)
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