The power of industrial robots under high-load and highly fluctuating processing conditions showed non-stationary and multi-source coupling characteristics, which led to the problems of reduced accuracy and stability of energy consumption prediction models under cross-operation conditions. Multi-source time series data were collected from the self-built processing experimental platform. The heterogeneous data were synchronized and resampled through timestamps, and power tags were constructed using sliding windows. The prediction results of random forest, gradient boosting tree, support vector regression, multi-layer perceptive machine and two fusion structure models under multiple working conditions were compared. The results show that the energy consumption prediction result of the gradient boosting tree + support vector regression fusion model is the best in the working conditions without participation in training, with an average absolute error of 3.73%. The research reveales the predictive characteristics of different models under high-dynamic processing conditions, which may provide technical support for energy efficiency modeling, process optimization and green operations of high-load processing of the industrial robots.
建模所需的输入特征由加工参数与时间信息构成,具体包括主轴转速n、进给速度vf、切削宽度ap、切削深度ae、时间戳t、单位加工体积Vunit、单位加工面积Aunit以及功率信号的滞后项P(t Δt)。所有输入变量构成特征向量 X =(n,vf,ap,ae,t,Vunit,Aunit,P()),其中加工参数用于表征不同工况下的切削条件,时间戳反映加工过程的阶段信息,单位加工量指标描述加工任务的规模差异,滞后功率项用于刻画功率的动态演化特征。输出量为对应时刻的系统功率。对所有特征进行线性归一化处理:
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