Energy-saving Control Method for Aerial Work Platforms Based on Variable Speed and Variable Displacement Electro-hydraulic System under Different Working Conditions
To address the issues of significant throttling losses at the main valves of the load-sensing system in electric aerial work platforms, a collaborative energy-saving control method for pumps and valves was proposed based on variable speed and variable displacement electro-hydraulic system under different operating conditions. This method combined electro-hydraulic system optimization with a new energy-saving control strategy to reduce throttling losses in the main valve assembly. In terms of electro-hydraulic system optimization, a dual-variable electro-hydraulic system with variable speed-variable displacement was designed, an electro-hydraulic proportional pump was adopted to replace the load-sensing pump, and the pressure compensating valve in the original load-sensing system was removed. In terms of control strategy, under single-action operating conditions, an underflow control strategy was adopted to further reduce throttling losses at the main valves. Under composite action conditions, based on the load mathematical model, a valve port pressure difference feedforward compensation algorithm was proposed, which achieved precise flow distribution for each action while ensuring the system operates at minimum throttling loss. Simulation and experimental results show that compared to the original load-sensing system, the proposed new system and energy-saving control method reduce throttling losses by 59%~85% under single-action conditions and by 10.7% under composite-action conditions, while keeping the flow coupling error in composite actions within 5%.
FANW, JIANGW, CHENJ, et al. Exhaust Emission Inventory of Typical Construction Machinery and Its Contribution to Atmospheric Pollutants in Chengdu, China[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2023, 125: 761-773.
[2]
HASSANT, SONGH, KHANY, et al. Energy Efficiency a Source of Low Carbon Energy Sources? Evidence from 16 High-income OECD Economies[J]. Energy, 2022, 24: 123063.
[3]
QIL, LIUH, SHENX, et al. Intermediate-volatility Organic Compound Emissions from Nonroad Construction Machinery under Different Operation Modes[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2019, 53(23): 13832-13840.
[4]
WIIKM K, FJELLHEIMK, AZRAGUEK, et al. Environmental Assessment, Cost Assessment and User Experience of Electric Excavator Operations on Construction Sites in Norway[C]∥International Conference on Sustainability in Energy and Buildings. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022: 97-108.
QUANLong, YANZhixin, ZHANGShuofeng, et al. New Progress in Energy-efficient Electrical Drive and Hydraulic Transmission Technologies for Non-road Mobile Equipment [J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(20): 385-400.
[7]
HEX, JIANGY. Review of Hybrid Electric Systems for Construction Machinery[J]. Automation in Construction, 2018, 92: 286-296.
[8]
LINT, LINY, RENH, et al. Development and Key Technologies of Pure Electric Construction Machinery[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2020, 132: 110080.
[9]
LIL, CHENH, JINR, et al. Independent Metering-based Leveling System with Multi-actuator for Energy Saving: Modeling, Control, and Application on Large-size Forming Equipment[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2024, 302: 118119.
[10]
XUB, DINGR, ZHANGJ, et al. Pump/Valves Coordinate Control of the Independent Metering System for Mobile Machinery[J]. Automation in Construction, 2015, 57: 98-111.
[11]
LIUB, QUANL, GEL. Research on the Performance of Hydraulic Excavator Boom Based Pressure and Flow Accordance Control with Independent Metering Circuit[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 231(5): 1-13.
[12]
LIC, LYU L, HELIANB, et al. Precision Motion Control of an Independent Metering Hydraulic System with Nonlinear Flow Modeling and Compensation [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2022, 69(7): 7088-7098.
[13]
SHIJ, QUANL, ZHANGX, et al. Electro-hydraulic Velocity and Position Control Based on Independent Metering Valve Control in Mobile Construction Equipment [J]. Automation in Construction, 2018, 94: 73-84.
CHENJunxiang, JIANGHongwei, KONGXiangdong, et al. Research on Smoothness of Mode Switch of Independent Metering Systems Considering Time-delay Factors[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 36(3): 414-425.
[16]
QUANZ, QUANL, ZHANGJ. Review of Energy Efficient Direct Pump Controlled Cylinder Electro-hydraulic Technology[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2014, 35: 336-46.
[17]
GUOT, WUB, LINT, et al. Closed-circuit Pump-controlled Electro-hydraulic Steering System for Pure Electric Wheel Loader [J]. Applied Sciences, 2022, 12(11): 5740.
WANGBo, HAOYunxiao, QUANLong, et al. Research on Characteristics of Electro-hydraulic Servo System by Sub-chamber Independent Variable-speed Pumps Control[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(18): 235-243.
NIUShanshuai, WANGJunzheng, ZHAOJiangbo, et al. Adaptive Robust Control with Unknown Dead-zone Compensation for Pump Controlled Electro-hydraulic Servo System [J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(18): 327-337.
[22]
LIANGT, QUANL, GEL, et al. Performance Analysis of Open-closed Circuit Integrated Pump-valve Collaborative Drive Multi-actuator System[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 38(1): 494-507.
[23]
YUANZ, MAW, YINC, et al. Research on Control and Energy Consumption Characteristics of Distributed Independent Electrical-Hydraulic Actuator Control System Used on Excavators[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2024, 24(21): 34070-34082.
[24]
LIANGT, QUANL, GEL, et al. Characteristics of a Novel Electrohydraulic Multi-actuator System with Low Throttling Losses and Energy Regeneration Capability[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 38(1): 114.