To explore the dynamic behaviors of droplet impact and spreading and to further improve the efficiency of designing process parameters for droplet spreading, a dataset for an intelligent optimization algorithm was established based on a finite element model, and a prediction model based on extreme learning machine optimized by improved grey wolf optimizer(ELM-IGWO) was proposed. Using the initial droplet diameters, velocities, heights, and material contact angles as inputs, and maximum spreading diameters and central thicknesses of droplets as outputs, the dynamic behaviors of droplet impact and spreading were predicted. By comparing with the back propagation neural network(BP), back propagation neural network optimized by genetic algorithm(BP-GA), extreme learning machine(ELM), and extreme learning machine optimized by grey wolf optimizer(ELM-GWO)models, it is found that the proposed algorithm has the greater accuracy in predicting the dynamic behaviors of droplet impact and spreading. In addition, the processing parameters of droplet impact and spreading were optimized by using an improved multi-objective non-dominant sorting genetic algorithm based on artificial neural networks(ANN-IMNSGA-Ⅱ),the experimental results show that the average relative error between the predicted maximum spreading diameters and the experimental data is as 3.54%, and the prediction error for the central thicknesses is as 5.71%.
针对上述问题,本文将传统有限元仿真与智能优化算法相融合,以解决有限元建模存在的计算效率受限与模型普适性不足的双重技术瓶颈问题,重点研究不同初始状态下液滴撞击不同接触角表面的动态行为。构建液滴撞击与铺展的仿真模型,结合高精度体积分数法(VOF)数值模拟,定量表征体积分数分布特征,研究速度场动态响应规律。在此基础上,提出一种基于改进型灰狼优化(improved grey wolf optimizer,IGWO)算法构建的极限学习机预测模型,利用正交试验建立25组模型作为训练集,对液滴撞击与铺展的动态行为进行预测,最后评估不同模型的预测效果。
SHYAMS, BANERJEEU, MONDALP K, et al. Impact Dynamics of Ferrofluid Droplet on a PDMS Substrate under the Influence of Magnetic Field[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2023, 661: 130911.
ZHANGJinyang, XIONGPing, JIANGQifeng, et al. Numerical Simulation of Droplet Impact on Heated Surface with Different Wettability[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2025, 25(14): 5730-5736.
XIANGYuhao, ZHUXun, WANGHong, et al. Numerical Study on Phase Change Cooling and Crystallization of a Molten Blast Furnace Slag Droplet Impacting the Wall[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2022, 43(5): 1337-1344.
[6]
ABOLGHASEMIBIZAKIM, MOHAMMADIR. Droplet Impact on Superhydrophobic Surfaces Fully Decorated with Cylindrical Macrotextures[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2018, 509: 422-431.
[7]
GUIMARÃESB, SILVAJ, FERNANDESC M, et al. Understanding Drop Spreading Behaviour on WC-10wt%Co Cutting Tools – an Experimental and Numerical Study[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2022, 637: 128268.
[8]
WILKINSONN J, SMITHM A A, KAYR W, et al. A Review of Aerosol Jet Printing—a Non-traditional Hybrid Process for Micro-manufacturing[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2019, 105(11): 4599-4619.
[9]
MENONA, PÓCZOSB, FEINBERGA W, et al. Optimization of Silicone 3D Printing with Hierarchical Machine Learning[J]. 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, 2019, 6(4): 181-189.
[10]
HUANGJida, SEGURAL J, WANGTianjiao, et al. Unsupervised Learning for the Droplet Evolution Prediction and Process Dynamics Understanding in Inkjet Printing[J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2020, 35: 101197.
[11]
WANGFei, BAOWeijie, WANGYiwei, et al. Ejection State Prediction for a Pneumatic Micro-droplet Generator by BP Neural Networks[J]. Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing, 2020, 14(1): JAMDSM0001.
[12]
ZHANGHe, QIHoujun, WENGLingtao, et al. A Closed-loop Framework for Performance-oriented Design of Superhydrophobic Surfaces[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2025, 60(44): 22121-22142.
[13]
GOLSHANS, RABIEER, SHAMSA, et al. On the Volume of Fluid Simulation Details and Droplet Size Distribution Inside Rotating Packed Beds[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2021, 60(24): 8888-8900.
[14]
LEGENDRED, MAGLIOM. Numerical Simulation of Spreading Drops[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2013, 432: 29-37.
WANGXiyin, ZHOUSanping. Numerical Simulation Analysis of Volumetric Efficiency of CO2 Plunger Pump Based on Neural Network and Orthogonal Experimental Design[J]. Technology & Development of Chemical Industry, 2024, 53(12): 70-76.
LIUChunyan, LINGJianchun, KOULinyuan, et al. Performance Comparison between GA-BP Neural Network and BP Neural Network[J]. Chinese Journal of Health Statistics, 2013, 30(2): 173-176.
[21]
XUEXiuyun, TIANYu, YANGZhenyu, et al. Research on a UAV Spray System Combined with Grid Atomized Droplets[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2024, 14: 1286332.
[22]
ADNANR M, MOSTAFAR R, KISIO, et al. Improving Streamflow Prediction Using a New Hybrid ELM Model Combined with Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Grey Wolf Optimization[J]. Knowledge-Based Systems, 2021, 230: 107379.
[23]
BARDHANA, SAMUIP, GHOSHK, et al. ELM-based Adaptive Neuro Swarm Intelligence Techniques for Predicting the California Bearing Ratio of Soils in Soaked Conditions[J]. Applied Soft Computing, 2021, 110: 107595.