基于形态学、拮抗试验、ITS序列与ISSR标记的21个滑子菇菌株遗传多样性分析
贺晓龙 , 李浩楠 , 唐必美 , 贺妍 , 王珺申 , 刘博
延安大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2) : 51 -58.
基于形态学、拮抗试验、ITS序列与ISSR标记的21个滑子菇菌株遗传多样性分析
Genetic diversity analysis of 21 Pholiota nameko strains based on morphology, antagonism test, ITS sequence and ISSR labeling
滑子菇(Pholiota nameko)作为一种珍贵的食用菌,具有显著的食药用价值,但市面上的许多滑子菇品种存在同物异名、同名异物现象,严重阻碍滑子菇产业前进的脚步。本研究以21个滑子菇菌株为研究对象,通过形态学观察、拮抗试验、ITS序列分析和ISSR分子标记技术进行种质资源鉴定与遗传多样性分析。滑子菇菌株拮抗结果分为隆起型、沟壑型、线型和无拮抗4种类型,多数具有拮抗反应。采用6个筛选出的ISSR引物对供试菌株进行PCR扩增,共获得59条清晰条带,其中多态性条带53条,多态性比率为89.83%。基于ISSR标记数据的UPMGA聚类分析显示,在相似系数0.42水平上,21个菌株可分为4个明显类群;菌株间遗传相似系数介于0.19~0.91之间。研究结果表明:1)供试滑子菇菌株具有丰富的遗传多样性;2)ISSR分子标记技术可有效区分不同菌株并揭示其亲缘关系;3)本研究为滑子菇种质资源鉴定和遗传育种提供理论依据。
As a precious edible fungus, Pholiota nameko has significant edible and medicinal value. However, many varieties of Pholiota nameko on the market have the phenomenon of synonyms and homonyms, which seriously hinders the progress of the Pholiota nameko industry.In this study, 21 strains of Pholiota nameko were used as the research object, and the germplasm resources identification and genetic diversity analysis were carried out by morphological observation, antagonistic test, ITS sequence analysis and ISSR molecular marker technology. The antagonistic results were divided into four types : uplift type, gully type, linear type and non-antagonistic type, most of which had antagonistic reactions.Six selected ISSR primers were used for PCR amplification with the DNA of the 21 Pholiota nameko strains as templates, resulting in a total of 59 clear bands, of which 53 were polymorphic, accounting for 89.83%. UPMGA cluster analysis of the obtained bands showed that, at a similarity coefficient of 0.42, the 21 Pholiota nameko strains could be divided into four major categories, clarifying the genetic relationships among the strains. The similarity among the 21 Pholiota nameko strains ranged from 0.19 to 0.91. These results indicate that the 21 Pholiota nameko strains possess rich genetic information, demonstrating genetic diversity among them.The findings indicate that: 1) The tested Pholiota nameko strains exhibit rich genetic diversity; 2) ISSR molecular marker technology can effectively differentiate distinct strains and reveal their genetic relationships; 3) This study provides a theoretical foundation for germplasm resource identification and genetic breeding of Pholiota nameko.
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陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设项目(2025QCY-KXJ-128)
陕西省科技创新团队项目(2023-CX-TD-40)
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2025NC-YBXM-078)
延安市科技计划项目(2024-QYL-076)
陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目(24JR165)
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