不同浓度氨基酸硒肥对‘弘前富士’苹果果实品质的影响
陈文洲 , 雒淑珍 , 牛育华 , 王莉 , 谢彦庆 , 赵继荣
延安大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2) : 31 -36.
不同浓度氨基酸硒肥对‘弘前富士’苹果果实品质的影响
Effects of different concentrations of amino acid selenium fertilizer on fruit quality of ‘Hirosaki Fuji’ apples
富硒农产品因独特的营养价值和保健功能,已经成为消费市场与科研领域的关注热点。苹果作为全球范围内广泛消费的水果,对其进行富硒化栽培技术研究,提升苹果果实营养品质与商品价值具有重要的理论与实践意义。为探究叶面喷施氨基酸硒肥对‘弘前富士’苹果果实品质的影响的最佳施用浓度,本研究设置了5个浓度梯度:30、70、110、150、190 mg/L,并以清水为空白对照,在苹果不同生长发育期进行叶面施肥处理。研究结果表明:当氨基酸硒肥喷施浓度为150 mg/L时,可有效改善‘弘前富士’苹果的果实品质,显著提高果实可溶性固形物、总酚和维生素C含量,同时显著降低果实酸度;同时,该浓度处理下果实中硒、钙、铁、铜、钾等矿质元素的积累量整体优于其他处理组,可进一步优化苹果的口感风味,提升果实营养品质。研究结果可为富硒苹果优质栽培中的合理应用提供理论依据,对提升苹果的营养价值与种植经济效益具有重要参考价值。
Selenium-enriched agricultural products have emerged as a research and consumer hotspot due to their unique nutritional value and health-promoting functions. As a widely consumed fruit worldwide, research on selenium-enriched cultivation techniques of apples is of great theoretical and practical significance to improve the nutritional quality and commercial value of apple fruits. To explore the effects of foliar application of amino acid selenium fertilizer on the fruit quality of ‘Hirosaki Fuji’ apples and to determine the optimal application concentration, five concentration gradients were set in this study: 30, 70, 110, 150, and 190 mg/L, with water as the blank control. Foliar spraying was carried out at different growth and development stages of apple trees. The results showed that foliar application of amino acid selenium fertilizer at 150 mg/L effectively improved the fruit quality of ‘Hirosaki Fuji’ apples. It significantly increased the contents of soluble solids, totalphenols and vitamin C, while significantly reducing fruit titratable acidity. Meanwhile, the accumulation of mineral elements such as selenium, calcium, iron, copper and potassium in fruits under this concentration treatment was generally better than that in other treatment groups, which further optimized the taste and flavor of apples and enhanced the nutritional quality of fruits. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the rational application of amino acid selenium fertilizer in the high-quality cultivation of selenium-enriched apples, and have important reference value for improving the nutritional value of apples and the economic benefits of apple planting.
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