Based on the advantages of the composite combustion catalyst in optimizing the thermal decomposition behavior, energy release efficiency and thermal stability of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), this work adopts the in-situ growth strategy to couplecopper ions, tannic acid and graphene oxide (GO) to obtain the GO/TA-Cu composite catalyst. The structure and thermal stability of the catalyst were characterized, and the influence of the complex on the thermal decomposition process of RDX was systematically investigated. The results show that GO0.2/TA-Cu caused the exothermic decomposition peak of RDX to occur approximately 22 ℃ earlier, and the activation energy decreased by 62 kJ·mol-1. GO0.2/TA-Cu shortened the exothermic decomposition temperature range of RDX, and the main decomposition products were consistent with RDX and TA-Cu/RDX. The HCN signal peak was significantly weakened compared to pure RDX, while the CO2 and N2O signal peaks were enhanced, indicating that GO0.2/TA-Cu promoted the secondary reaction of HCN. In conclusion, GO0.2/TA-Cu shows application potential in optimizing the thermal decomposition reaction path of solid propellants.
将0.2 g CuCl2·2H2O溶解于40 mL乙二醇中,通过超声处理使其完全溶解。随后,加入40 mg TA,继续搅拌使其充分溶解于铜的乙二醇溶液中。最后,滴加2 mL NaOH(1 mol·L-1)溶液,持续搅拌5 min后,在9 000 r·min-1的转速下通过离心处理以收集沉淀产物。将所得沉淀物分别采用水和丙酮洗涤产物数次,以除去样品中残留的乙二醇。最后在真空中干燥过夜,得到单宁酸-铜络合物,最终产物标记为TA-Cu。
1.2.2 氧化石墨烯负载的单宁酸-铜络合物制备
采用与1.1相同步骤来制备氧化石墨烯负载单宁酸-铜复合络合物,不同之处在于GO先在乙二醇中超声处理,再溶解CuCl2·2H2O。最终洗涤后冷冻干燥过夜,产物标记为GO x /TA-Cu(x代表在制备GO x /TA-Cu时配置的GO-乙二醇悬浮液中GO的浓度,0.2、0.6和1分别对应0.2、0.6和1 mg·mL-1),以上反应均在室温下进行。
图1为TA-Cu及三组GO x /TA-Cu的XRD谱图。所有样品在2θ为30°~80°范围内均未出现尖锐的特征衍射峰,表明所制备的TA-Cu络合物及GO负载体系在初始状态下均为无定形结构,不存在长程有序的晶态铜或铜氧化物相。非晶态金属络合物的形成通常源于TA分子中大量酚羟基与Cu2+的配位螯合作用,这种强配位作用会破坏金属离子的规则排列,进而抑制晶体成核与生长,最终形成无定形络合物结构[10-12]。同时,不同GO负载量的样品均未出现GO的特征衍射峰,说明GO在络合物基体中实现了均匀分散,且GO的引入未改变TA-Cu络合物的非晶态本质。
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