基于SECI模型的蜀锦丁桥织机隐性知识提取与显性化研究

Research on extraction and explicit presentation of tacit knowledge of Shu brocade Dingqiao looms based on SECI model

摘要

针对蜀锦丁桥织机织造技艺隐性知识传承困难与现代适应性不足的问题，基于野中郁次郎的知识转化模型（SECI 模型）提取其核心技艺，并探索其向现代家用织机设计的转化路径。采用访谈法、观察法等研究方法，对5位传承人的隐性知识进行系统提取，并运用逐级编码程序分析数据。研究结果表明，该技艺是依赖多感官协同的复杂身体经验，据此构建了含 5 个核心范畴的技艺知识模型及 13 条“IF-THEN-BECAUSE”显性知识条例，并基于模型识别的核心痛点，提出了关于可视化、模块化与交互重构等一系列具体的设计启发。研究提出的＂隐性知识提取-设计启发转化＂路径，不仅为 SECI 模型在传统技艺领域的应用提供了实证，也为同类非物质文化遗产的活态传承与现代化创新，提供了有效的理论参考与明确的设计策略。

Abstract

To address the challenges of tacit knowledge transmission and insufficient modern adaptability in Shu brocade Dingqiao loom weaving technique，the core craftsmanship based on Ikujiro Nonaka＇s socialization，externalization，combination and internalization model（SECI model）was extracted and its transformation path into modern household loom design was explored． Through research methods such as interviews and observations，tacit knowledge from five inheritors was systematically extracted and the data was analyzed by using a stepwise coding procedure．The research results showed that this skill was a complex physical experience that relied on the coordination of multiple senses．Based on this，a skill knowledge model containing five core categories and thirteen explicit knowledge rules of＇IF-THEN-BECAUSE＇was constructed．Based on the key pain points identified by the model，a series of design implications were proposed， including visualization，modularization，and interaction reconstruction．The research has proposed the＇tacit knowledge extraction-design inspiration transformation＇framework，which not only provided empirical support for the application of the SECI model in traditional craftsmanship，but also provided effective theoretical references and clear design strategies for the dynamic preservation and modern innovation of similar intangible cultural heritage．

关键词

蜀锦丁桥织机 / 隐性知识 / SECI 模型 / 显性知识条例

Key words

Shu brocade Dingqiao loom / tacit knowledge / SECI model / explicit knowledge rule

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