基于“材料-结构-功能”一体化设计的编织型医用管腔支架研究进展

Progress of braided medical luminal stents based on “material-structure-function” integrated design

摘要

编织型医用管腔支架是治疗血管与非血管狭窄疾病的核心植入器械,临床疗效依靠材料、结构与生物功能协同适配。针对传统支架力学失配、长期再狭窄、血栓生成等临床难题,综述了编织型医用管腔支架的研究现状,分析了金属材料和合成高分子材料在编织型医用管腔支架制备中的演进特征,探讨了编织参数间的协同效应对支架力学行为的调控规律,阐述了支架表面改性与载药涂层工艺,并结合临床需求总结了支架迭代设计思路与制造难点。研究可为新一代高性能编织型医用管腔支架研发提供理论支撑。

Abstract

Braided medical luminal stents serve as essential implantable devices for addressing both vascular and non-vascular stenotic conditions, with their clinical effectiveness contingent upon the collaborative adaptation of materials, structures, and biological functions. Addressing clinical challenges such as mechanical mismatch, long-term restenosis, and thrombosis associated with traditional stents, the current research status of braided medical luminal stents was reviewed, the evolutionary characteristics of metallic and synthetic polymer materials in their fabrication were analyzed, the regulatory mechanisms of synergistic effects among braiding parameters on stent mechanical behavior were investigated, the surface modification techniques and drug-eluting coating processes were elaborated. Furthermore, iterative design strategies and manufacturing challenges for stents were summarized based on clinical needs. The study can provide theoretical foundations for the development of next-generation high-performance braided medical luminal stents.

关键词

支架 / 一体化设计 / 本征模量补偿 / 物理拓扑结构 / 生物相容性 / 表面功能化

Key words

stent / integrated design / intrinsic modulus compensation / physical topological structure / biocompatibility / surface functionalization

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基金资助

武汉市应用基础前沿重点项目(2019010701011388)