医用细菌纤维素材料:从抗菌到组织工程

Medical bacterial cellulose materials: from antibacterial to tissue engineering

摘要

细菌纤维素(BC)是一种由微生物合成的纳米纤维材料,具有可再生、碳中性、高纯度、良好生物相容性、优异力学性能及可控三维网络结构,在医疗卫生领域具有广阔的应用前景。综述了BC在抗菌复合材料、组织工程支架以及伤口敷料中的研究进展,探讨了BC的结构特征与功能化改性策略,包括有机/无机抗菌复合、多孔化处理、表面接枝及三维构建等技术手段。最后,针对BC基医用材料在多功能集成、智能响应及规模化制备等方面面临的挑战进行了总结,并对其发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a nanofibrous material biosynthesized by microorganisms, featuring renewability and carbon neutrality, high purity, excellent biocompatibility, outstanding mechanical properties, and a controllable three-dimensional network structure, which endows it with great potential for applications in the medical and healthcare fields. The research progress of BC in antibacterial composite materials, tissue engineering scaffolds and wound dressings has been reviewed. The structural characteristics and functional modification strategies of BC were investigated, including organic/inorganic antibacterial compounding, porosity treatment, surface grafting, and three-dimensional construction techniques. Finally, the challenges associated with multifunctional integration, intelligent responsiveness, and large-scale fabrication of BC-based medical materials were summarized, and future development directions were proposed.

关键词

细菌纤维素 / 抗菌 / 组织工程 / 伤口敷料

Key words

bacterial cellulose / antibacterial / tissue engineering scaffold / wound dressing

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(52473275)

国家自然科学基金项目(52473178)