医用防护纺织品的热湿舒适性能研究进展

Research progress on thermal and moisture comfort performance of medical protective textiles

摘要

综述了医用防护纺织品热湿舒适性能的研究进展,从材料改性与结构设计两个核心维度梳理了提升该性能的技术路径。 在材料层面,重点介绍了超吸湿复合材料、相变材料及辐射降温材料等通过本征特性调节热湿交换的研究进展;在结构层面,阐述了静电纺丝纳米纤维膜、多层梯度结构及非对称润湿性界面等通过物理构型优化传质传热过程的设计策略。 探讨了上述技术在医用防护服、医用防护口罩及医用敷料等典型纺织品中的应用现状与效果。 分析了当前研究面临的关键问题,并对未来医用防护纺织品智能化的发展方向提出了展望,以期为高性能医用防护纺织品的研发与应用提供参考。

Abstract

The research progress on thermal and moisture comfort performance in medical protective textiles was reviewed, and the technical pathways for improving this performance were summarized from two core dimensions: material modification and structural design. At the material level, research advances in regulating thermal and moisture exchange through the intrinsic properties of super-absorbent composites, phase change materials, and radiative cooling materials were highlighted; at the structural level, the design strategies of electrospun nanofiber membranes, multi-layer gradient structures, and asymmetric wettable interfaces by optimizing mass and heat transfer processes through physical configuration were elaborated. The current application status and effectiveness of the aforementioned technologies in typical textile products such as medical protective clothing, medical protective masks, and medical dressings were further explored. The key challenges in current research were analyzed, and future directions for the intelligent development of medical protective textiles were proposed, with the aim of providing a reference for the research and application of high-performance medical protective textiles.

关键词

医用防护纺织品 / 热湿舒适性能 / 医用防护服 / 医用防护口罩 / 医用敷料

Key words

medical protective textile / thermal and moisture comfort performance / medical protective clothing / medical protective mask / medical dressing

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基金资助

江苏省基础研究计划自然科学基金(BK20241630)