As mining operations progressively transition to deeper levels, the production conditions within mines become increasingly complex and challenging. This necessitates an advancement in the sophistication of intelligent equipment and a gradual reduction in on-site personnel.Developing an efficient and precise sche-duling and control system that aligns with these requirements is essential for ensuring intelligent mining ope-rations.Consequently,this study concentrates on optimizing the scheduling of underground gold mines, characterized by multiple equipment and short interval continuity,to enhance mining efficiency and safety.The limitations associated with multi-process, multi-equipment, and intricate coupling in underground gold mining operations have been systematically analyzed and distilled, leading to the formulation of a comprehensive set of scheduling requirements.By developing a combinatorial optimization model for equipment configuration and task allocation, the issue of underground equipment scheduling is conceptualized as a flow shop scheduling problem, with the objectives of minimizing the total duration and the total intervals.A genetic algorithm is utilized to address the model, facilitating dynamic and precise scheduling of mining equipment through short interval adjustments, thereby minimizing task conflicts and equipment idle times.The results of the case study demonstrate that the optimized model can significantly reduce overall operation durations and process intervals across diverse operational scenarios. In large-scale production settings with multiple cycle constraints, a mining efficiency of 72.57 tons per hour is attained.Furthermore, with an 8% failure rate, the delay in total operation time is maintained within 15%.The configuration of scientific equipment and the development of scheduling strategies are crucial for augmenting the production capacity of mining operations.The findings of this study offer an optimized solution for equipment scheduling in underground gold mines, thereby improving overall operational efficiency and safety while ensuring continuous production.
随着浅部矿产资源的枯竭,地下深部矿产资源的开发已成为矿山发展的必然趋势(李夕兵等,2019;Lööw et al.,2019;蔡美峰等,2021;李国清等,2021)。深部开采面临恶劣的自然条件、复杂的开采工序和装备调度问题,井下作业涉及多工序、多装备和复杂空间环境的耦合约束,增加了调度的复杂性。装备智能配置与调度排产是保障井下开采作业顺利进行的核心环节,通过合理配置和任务优先级管理,可以减少作业排队和装备闲置,提高了采矿效率(吴爱祥等,2021;王国法等,2022;刘鑫等,2023;胡乃联等,2024)。然而,传统调度策略在面对复杂多变的井下环境和突发状况时,缺乏足够的稳健性和动态调整能力(王国法,2022)。有效调度需考虑装备性能、数量、地质条件和安全生产要求,实现采矿作业的有序循环是保障生产进度的重要条件。调度需严格遵循安全规程,保证作业进度的合理性,整体把控生产作业约束,确保任务配置科学合理。井下作业要求保证生产效率和安全性,需在严格的时间框架内应对动态变化和复杂约束,作业需按计划进行,处理任务和装备冲突,考虑装备个体差异,优化机台位置。为确保采场稳定性,作业需保持连续性,缩短工序间隔,避免采场闲置。装备投入需平衡作业效率和装备利用率,避免因装备过多而产生闲置现象。
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