The development of green mining practices is essential for the sustainable advancement of the mining industry.In recent years,China has made significant strides in the green mine construction,yielding positive outcomes across various dimensions.However,the actual process of green mine development faces several challenges.Local governments sometimes establish standards that are either unreasonable or lack scientific,rigor,and occasionally lower these standards during the selection process.Additionally,certain mining enterprises engage in fraud ulent activities to secure government subsidies or neglect the interests of the general public.Furthermore,influenced by subjective perceptions,some members of the public focus solely on the visible environmental damage caused by pollution,overlooking the importance of fulfilling social responsibilities.Consequently,the establishment of a comprehensive green mining framework involving local governments,mining enterprise s,and the public,alongside the exploration of driving factors for green mining,development and the analysis of the impact of risk attitudes and loss aversion on its evolution,has become a critical focal point for advancing green mining practices.This article employs prospect theory,utilizing the value function and weight function to develop a perceived benefit matrix within the framework of evolutionary game theory.It examines the evolutionary dynamics of green mine construction involving the government,mining enterprises,and the public,while analyzing the constraints and factors influencing this process.In modeling,the study considers the performance expectations of central government on local governments,as well as the incentives and penalties related to green mine construction imposed by local governments.It also accounts for both the direct and indirect benefits accruing to mining enterprises as primary stakeholders in green min e development.Additionally,the analysis considers the reputational impacts on local governments and mining enterprises under.public scrutiny.Numerical simulations are conducted using MATLAB R2018b,reflecting the real-world context of green mine construction.The simulation results corroborate the theoretical findings.Research indicates that a moderate reduction in government regulatory efforts can incentivize construction entities to adopt proactive strategies.The prosperity of the mining industry significant ly influences the decision-making processes of mining enterprises.However,the factors influencing local government decisions are numerous and complex,and cannot be solely attributed to the industry’s prosperity.Public environmental awareness exerts a relatively minor impact on both local governments and mining enterprises.There is a significant.positive correlation between the risk attitude of enterprises,their aversion to loss,and their decisions regarding green mining construction.In light of these findings,it is recommended to establish a long-term mechanism for green mine construction and to enhance the positive expectations of government oversight.Additionally,it is important to strengthen policy and exemplary publicity to boost the technological innovation capabilities of mining enterprises,as well as to cultivate public environmental awareness and provide diverse communication channels.
当前,关于政府、矿山企业和社会公众协同建设驱动因素的研究主要聚焦在政府管制、企业绿色技术和管理以及社会公众监督3个方面。(1)政府管制因素。部分学者聚焦绿色矿山的政府激励及监管机制,提出政府应制订绿色矿山相关税收、金融和矿业权等优惠政策,并完善绿色矿山标准体系来加快绿色矿山建设(丁国峰等,2023)。此外,部分学者认为应结合多种环境法规,如环境税、污染税、金融补贴和激励措施等,来鼓励绿色创新、减少排放(冯羽生等,2021;Nazir et al.,2023)。在改进和完善绿色矿山建设政策方面,相关研究发现政府出台的部分绿色矿山建设政策,因忽视异质性矿山企业的绿色发展差异导致作用有限(于立宏等,2022);市场激励环境规制对矿山企业的技术创新具有显著的激励作用(Wei et al.,2021;焦兵等,2024)。(2)企业绿色技术及管理因素。以往研究发现,通过提升矿山企业的绿色技术、扩大矿山企业的规模和规范矿山企业的绿色管理,有助于促进矿业绿色发展(Zhou et al.,2021)。也有学者运用内容分析和案例分析的方法,针对区域绿色矿山建设标准的实施效果进行了总结,认为企业绿色矿山技术和相关知识产权能够提升矿产资源开发使用效率(刘立顺等,2020;黄健敏等,2022)。(3)社会公众监督因素。研究发现,加强社会公众监督大大减少了制造企业污染排放,并反过来促进了信息的监管(Koehler,2007)。有学者提出,为促进绿色矿山建设,地方政府应整合社会公众力量,提高公众监督的能力和水平(刘亦晴等,2020;徐水太等,2023)。综上所述,国内外学者对绿色矿山建设驱动因素进行了大量研究,为本研究奠定了良好的基础。
针对绿色矿山协同建设的决策影响,有学者借助演化博弈对地方政府和矿山企业的多主体联动机制建设进行了研究(吴信科等,2019;Mahdevari et al.,2023)。在此基础上,提出绿色矿山建设的政府奖惩机制,并通过演化博弈分析地方政府和矿山企业的动态决策过程(陈婉菁等,2021)。但上述研究侧重于分析博弈主体的行为机理,在构建博弈模型收益矩阵时,采用期望效用理论计算客观收益,未考虑主体行为背后的心理动机,无法真实反映博弈主体的感知收益,因此难以全面绘制绿色矿山建设的现实图景。值得关注的是,前景理论可以弥补以上缺陷,该理论通过将心理学研究引入行为经济学,依据决策者对于策略损益值的心理判断,用价值函数取代期望效用函数(Kahneman et al.,1979),已成功运用于动态电价推广(Dong et al.,2022)、药品质量安全监管(赵哲耘等,2022)和海洋牧场技术创新(孙亚路等,2023)等领域。鉴于此,本文基于前景理论,利用价值函数和权重函数,构建演化博弈的感知收益矩阵,研究政府、矿山企业和社会公众协同作用的绿色矿山建设演化过程,分析影响绿色矿山建设的约束条件及因素,为绿色矿山建设提供有效的决策支持。
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