可食用淀粉膜的制备及改性研究
Study on Preparation and Modification of Edible Starch Film
以淀粉为原料制作的食品包装膜具有安全、环保等特点,但其力学性能较差,需要进行改性。以玉米/红薯混合淀粉为成膜基料,添加增塑剂山梨糖醇及改性剂普鲁兰多糖,利用溶液浇铸法制备淀粉膜。分别考察山梨糖醇和普鲁兰多糖的用量对淀粉膜力学性能的影响,在此基础上分别采用黄蜂蜡、明胶和海藻酸钠对淀粉膜进行物理涂覆改性。结果表明:当淀粉总量为7.00 g时,山梨糖醇、普鲁兰多糖的最佳用量分别为3.20 g和1.75 g;在淀粉膜表面涂覆黄蜂蜡或明胶能够明显提高其撕裂强度,其中黄蜂蜡还能够显著改善淀粉膜的拉伸强度和拉伸弹性模量,同时有效降低淀粉膜的亲水性、水蒸气透过率及透油系数。
Food packaging films made from starch have the characteristics of safety and environmental protection, but their mechanical properties are poor and need to be modified. Starch films were prepared using a mixture of corn and sweet potato starch as the film-forming base material, with sorbitol as a plasticizer and pullulan as a modifier, by the solution casting method. The effects of the amounts of sorbitol and pullulan on the mechanical properties of the starch films were investigated separately. On this basis, the starch films were physically coated and modified with wasp wax, gelatin, and sodium alginate, respectively. The results showed that when the total amount of starch was 7.00 g, the optimal amounts of sorbitol and pullulan were 3.20 g and 1.75 g, respectively. Coating the surface of the starch film with wasp wax or gelatin could significantly increase its tear strength. Among them, wasp wax could also significantly improve the tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus of the starch film, while effectively reducing the hydrophilicity, water vapor permeability, and oil permeability coefficient of the starch film.
混合淀粉 / 增塑剂 / 溶液浇铸 / 力学性能 / 物理涂覆
Mixed starch / Plasticizers / Solution casting / Mechanical properties / Physical coating
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国家级大学生创新训练项目(2022CX156)
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