ETFE薄膜的率相关及塑性成形研究
Study on Rate Dependence and Plastic Forming of ETFE Films
比较乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物(ETFE)薄膜的工程应力-应变曲线与真实应力-应变曲线的差异,对ETFE薄膜进行5种定速(应变速率分别为3、6、9、50、100%/min)单向拉伸试验与拉伸卸载再拉伸试验,得出相应的第一屈服强度、残余变形、再拉伸后的屈服强度等力学参数的变化规律,利用有限元模拟对充气与泄气速度对气枕塑性成形过程的影响进行分析,并对实际工程中不同形状气枕的塑性成形进行分析对比。结果表明:ETFE塑性成形过程的分析应采用真实应力应变曲线来表示;3~100%/min的拉伸速率对单轴拉伸参与变形的影响程度在15%以内;单轴拉伸试验经卸载再拉伸后,发生了硬化强度提高,且没有出现第一屈服点;充气速度对气枕成形过程的影响较大,对气枕最终塑性成形量影响幅度在8%以内;在控制相同矢跨比的前提下,多边形气枕成形所需的内压较小,膜面达到的应力也较小。
The differences between the engineering stress-strain curves and the true stress-strain curves of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) films were compared. Uniaxial tensile tests at five constant rates (strain rates of 3, 6, 9, 50, 100%/min) and tensile-unloading-re-tensile tests were conducted on ETFE films. The resulting mechanical parameters, such as the first yield strength, residual deformation, and yield strength after re-tensioning, were obtained to understand the variation patterns. Finite element simulation was used to analyze the influence of inflation and deflation rates on the plastic forming process of air cushions, and a comparative analysis of the plastic forming of air cushions with different shapes in practical engineering was conducted. The results indicated that the analysis of the ETFE plastic forming process should be represented by the true stress-strain curves. The effect of tensile rates from 3%/min to 100%/min on uniaxial tensile deformation was within 15%. After unloading and re-tensioning in the uniaxial tensile test, hardening strength increased without the appearance of a first yield point. The inflation rate had a significant impact on the forming process of air cushions, with the influence on the final plastic forming amount of the air cushions being within 8%. Under the premise of controlling the same rise-to-span ratio, polygonal air cushions required a lower internal pressure for forming, and the stress achieved in the membrane surface was also lower.
乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物薄膜 / 塑性成形 / 拉伸速率
ETFE film / Plastic forming / Tensile rate
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国家自然科学基金(52278191)
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