2024年深圳市南山区医务工作者职业倦怠现状及影响因素研究
Occupational burnout among healthcare workers in Nanshan District, Shenzhen: Current status and influencing factors in 2024
Objective To investigate the current status and main influencing factors of occupational burnout in 2024 among healthcare workers in Nanshan District, Shenzhen. Methods From January to June 2024, an anonymous survey was conducted using stratified and convenience sampling methods on healthcare workers from Union Shenzhen Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Nanshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen Hezheng Hospital, Taohuayuan Community Health Service Center and Nanyou Community Health Service Center in Nanshan District. Data were collected through a self-designed questionnaire, the General Health Questionnaire, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results The overall occupational burnout score among all participants was 1.92 ± 1.09. The mean scores for the subscales were as follows: emotional exhaustion, 1.54 ± 1.53; depersonalization, 1.19 ± 1.45; and reduced personal accomplishment, 3.15 ± 2.03. Among the participants, 435 (74.36%) were classified as negative for occupational burnout, while 150 (25.64%) were classified as positive. A higher proportion of occupational burnout was observed among healthcare workers who were in other marital statuses, held a master's degree or above, had no children, worked in private hospitals, were contract employees, had an annual income of 200,000-300,000 RMB, worked more than 56 hours per week, worked overtime more than three times per week, used hypnotic medications, or experienced emotional distress (P < 0.05). No statistically significant differences in the rates of occupational burnout were found across different sex, age groups, occupation types, years of service, professional titles, or night shift frequency (P > 0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis revealed that being married [O^R = 0.509 (95% CI: 0.323, 0.802) ] and working in community health service centers [O^R = 0.434 (95% CI: 0.268, 0.704) ] were protective factors against occupational burnout (P < 0.05). In contrast, having an overtime frequency of > 3 times/week [O^R = 4.588 (95% CI: 2.305, 9.135) ], use of hypnotic medications [O^R = 1.716 (95% CI: 1.058, 2.785) ], and presence of emotional distress [O^R = 1.842 (95% CI: 1.205, 2.814) ] were significant risk factors for occupational burnout (P < 0.05). Conclusion Marital status, type of medical institution, frequency of overtime work, use of hypnotic drugs, and presence of emotional distress are influencing factors of occupational burnout among healthcare workers in Nanshan District, Shenzhen. It is recommended that healthcare administrators implement scientifically designed shift scheduling systems, limit the frequency of overtime work, and enhance communication with healthcare workers to promptly identify and address emerging issues. These measures may help improve emotional well-being, reduce psychological burdens, and ultimately mitigate occupational burnout.
occupational burnout / healthcare workers / influencing factor
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广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2023A1515110692)
深圳市南山区技术研发和创意设计项目分项基金(NS2023091)
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