In order to investigate the self-heating thermal runaway problem of ternary lithium-ion battery used in a certain forest plant protection machine, the structural composition of the battery cell, the heat generation mechanism of each side reaction and the three heat transfer modes of heat radiation, heat conduction and convective heat transfer between the battery cell, end plate, heat insulation pad, box body and the environment were first explored. Then based on the thermal runaway modeling method of the equivalent circuit model, the thermoelectric characteristic model of the 280 Ah large-capacity battery module was established in the Amesim one-dimensional simulation software by the physical parameters of the battery cell, the side reaction mechanism, and the exothermic heat transfer model.The heat transfer characteristics of the battery during self-heating thermal runaway and the path of thermal runaway propagation in the module were analyzed and simulated.Finally, according to the national standard GB 38031—2020, the self-heating experiment of the battery module was carried out to obtain the change of the cell temperature with time, and the specific position of the thermal runaway of the trigger cell was confirmed by CT scanning. The simulation and experimental results showed that the established model had high accuracy and reliable performance.The maximum error of the thermal runaway temperature of the cell was 11.3%, and the maximum error of the thermal runaway trigger time was 4.2%.It can provide technical reference for the design and development of battery thermal management, such as the prediction of thermal runaway temperature and the safety of preventing thermal diffusion of battery pack.
搭建电池AMEsim热失控模型涉及到热电耦合,首先需要其内置的电池辨识工具利用混合脉冲功率特性(Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization,HPPC)测试电池数据,对该电池进行辨识,故该辨识结果误差较小,得到电芯的内阻R与开路电压(Open-Circuit Voltage,OCV)结果曲线如图2所示。
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