1.College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China
2.Songliao Basin Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Center Station,Songliao Water Resources Commission,Ministry of Water Resources,Changchun 130021,China
The forest canopy fixes carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through photosynthesis, and the tree trunk uses the organic matter generated by the canopy for cambium splitting and thickening. Whether the assimilation of tree canopy and the radial growth of tree trunk changed synchronously in the process of climate change is controversial, and whether the synchronous or differential changes are related to the response characteristics of these two processes to climate factors is also a hot topic of attention. In particular, the same tree species in different climatic background is still to be studied. Larix gmelinii as the main coniferous forest species in cold temperate zone of China, is sensitive to climate change. Therefore, this paper selected Greater Hinggan Mountains from south to north in the Arshan (AES), Kudur (KDE) and Daebaeksan (DBS) as the research objects. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and ring width index (RWI) were used to represent the growth of tree canopy and trunk, respectively. Segmentation function and correlation analysis were used. The relationship between tree canopy and trunk growth and the differences in driving factors under different climate backgrounds were investigated. The main results were as follows: the rapid warming period significantly promoted the growth of tree canopy, mainly reflected in the early growing season (EGS) and the late growing season (LGS). However, organic matter produced by photosynthesis may be more used for canopy respiration, thus inhibiting the radial growth of trees, resulting in an insignificant relationship between tree trunk and canopy growth during this period. With the slowing down of the temperature rise rate, the growth of tree canopy was mainly reflected in the middle of the growing season (MGS) and the end of the growing season (LGS), and the relationship between tree trunk and canopy growth showed significant correlation(P<0.05). The global temperature rise rate leads to the difference in response of forest trunk and canopy growth to climate factors, which may be the root cause of the inconsistent relationship between tree trunk and canopy growth. The acceleration of global temperature rise increases the difference between trunk and canopy growth in response to climate, and on the contrary, greatly reduces the difference between the two.
将野外取回的样芯用乳白胶固定在带有凹槽的木条上,待风干后,利用砂纸抛光,用于交叉定年和年轮宽度测量。使用骨架图法[37]进行初步交叉定年[9],消除伪年轮和缺失年轮。使用LINTAB-6测量系统以0.001 mm的精度测量树木年轮宽度,利用COFFCHA程序[38]对交叉定年和测量的结果进行检验,剔除不符合主序列的样本数据,将合格的树轮宽度数据通过ARSTAN程序拟合负指数曲线或线性曲线,进行去趋势和标准化处理,以去掉随年龄增长的生长趋势和其他非一致性扰动导致的非气候信号[39]。然后将每个环宽除以每个环宽的拟合值,最终得到3个取样点的标准林分年表(standard forest stand chronology,STD)。为更好地评估年表质量,计算了标准年表的平均敏感度(mean sensitivity,MS)、样本总体代表性(express population signal,EPS)、信噪比(signal to nosise ratio,SNR)、标准差(standard deviation,STD)、一阶自相关(autocorrelation order 1,AC1)等参数。
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