CT平扫联合三维重建诊断急性阑尾炎的应用价值及常见征象检出情况分析
陶渊 , 张晓婓 , 茅旭平 , 季丹
河北医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1) : 28 -34.
CT平扫联合三维重建诊断急性阑尾炎的应用价值及常见征象检出情况分析
Analysis of the application value of non-contrast CT combined with three-dimensional reconstruction in the diagnosis of acute periappendicitis and the detection of common signs
目的 分析CT平扫联合三维重建诊断急性阑尾炎的效果。 方法 收集2022年1月—2024年10月在江苏省张家港市中医医院,南京中医药大学张家港附属医院拟诊为急性阑尾炎的患者420例,均进行常规CT平扫及三维重建图像处理,与手术病理结果对照,观察常规CT平扫、三维重建及CT平扫联合三维重建对急性阑尾炎的诊断结果并比较诊断效能,完成一致性检验,比较3种检查方法对常见征象的检出情况。 结果 420例患者术后经病理诊断为急性阑尾炎323例,非急性阑尾炎的患者97例。常规CT平扫诊断急性阑尾炎的敏感度、特异度、准确率分别为84.21%(272/323)、60.82%(59/97)、78.81%(331/420),与术后病理诊断一致性一般(Kappa=0.430,P<0.001);三维重建为91.02%(294/323)、64.95%(63/97)、85.00%(357/420),与术后病理诊断一致性一般(Kappa=0.589,P<0.001);联合诊断为98.45%(318/323)、91.75%(89/97)、96.90%(407/420),与术后病理诊断一致性较好(Kappa=0.912,P<0.001),联合诊断的敏感度、特异度、准确率显著高于单一常规CT平扫、三维重建(P<0.05)。联合诊断对阑尾肿大及阑尾壁增厚、回盲肠壁增厚、阑尾周围炎、周围脓肿、腹腔积液的检出率分别为52.63%(170/323)、20.74%(67/323)、54.49%(176/323)、43.65%(141/323)、45.82%(148/323),均显著高于单一常规CT平扫[40.87%(132/323)、11.46%(37/323)、41.80%(135/323)、31.58%(102/323)、35.29%(114/323)]及三维重建[45.51%(147/323)、14.55%(47/323)、46.13%(149/323)、34.37%(111/323)、37.77%(122/323)](均P<0.05);而对阑尾结石与阑尾穿孔的检出率[26.32%(85/323)、2.48%(8/323)]与单一常规CT平扫[24.46%(79/323)、1.86%(6/323)]及三维重建[25.08%(81/323)、1.86%(6/323)]比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);联合诊断对急性单纯性阑尾炎的诊断敏感度、特异度、准确率分别为98.57%(276/280)、97.14%(136/140)、97.14%(408/420),显著高于单一常规CT平扫[82.86%(232/280)、85.00%(119/140)、83.81%(352/420)]及三维重建[91.07%(255/280)、87.86%(123/140)、90.00%(378/420)](均P<0.05);而对急性化脓性阑尾炎的诊断敏感度、特异度、准确率分别为97.67%(42/43)、98.41%(371/377)、98.10%(412/420),与单一常规CT平扫[93.02%(40/43)、95.49%(360/377)、95.24%(400/420)]及三维重建[90.70%(39/43)、96.82%(365/377)、96.19%(404/420)]比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。 结论 CT平扫联合三维重建诊断急性阑尾炎的诊断效能较高,在阑尾肿大及阑尾壁增厚、周围脓肿等典型征象的检出方面具有明显优势,应用价值高。
Objective To analyze the effectiveness of non-contrast computed tomography (CT) combined with three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction in patients with acute periappendicitis. Methods A total of 420 patients who were clinically suspected of having acute periappendicitis in Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affilicated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Jiangsu Province, from January 2022 to October 2024 were collected. All patients underwent conventional non-contrast CT and 3D reconstruction image processing. The imaging results were compared with postoperative pathological findings. The diagnostic performance of conventional non-contrast CT alone, 3D reconstruction alone, and their combination for acute periappendicitis were observed and their diagnostic efficacy was compared. Consistency tests were performed, and the detection rates of common imaging signs by the three examination methods were compared. Results Among the 420 patients, postoperative pathological diagnosis confirmed acute periappendicitis in 323 patients and non‐acute periappendicitis in 97 patients. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of conventional non-contrast CT in the diagnosis of acute periappendicitis were 84.21%(272/323), 60.82%(59/97), and 78.81%(331/420), respectively, showing general consistency with postoperative pathological diagnosis (Kappa=0.430, P<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 3D reconstruction were 91.02%(294/323), 64.95%(63/97), and 85.00%(357/420), respectively, also showing general consistency with postoperative pathological diagnosis (Kappa = 0.589, P<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the combined diagnosis were 98.45%(318/323), 91.75%(89/97), and 96.90%(407/420), respectively, showing good consistency with postoperative pathological diagnosis (Kappa=0.912, P<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the combined diagnosis were significantly higher than those of conventional non-contrast CT and 3D reconstruction alone (P<0.05). The detection rates of appendiceal enlargement and appendiceal wall thickening, cecal wall thickening, periappendiceal inflammation, periappendiceal abscess, and intraperitoneal effusion by the combined diagnosis were 52.63%(170/323), 20.74%(67/323), 54.49%(176/323), 43.65%(141/323), and 45.82%(148/323), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of conventional non-contrast CT alone [40.87%(132/323), 11.46%(37/323), 41.80%(135/323), 31.58%(102/323), and 35.29%(114/323)] and 3D reconstruction alone [45.51%(147/323), 14.55%(47/323), 46.13%(149/323), 34.37%(111/323), and 37.77%(122/323)] (all P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the detection rates of appendicolith and appendiceal perforation [26.32%(85/323) and 2.48%(8/323)] compared with conventional non-contrast CT alone [24.46%(79/323) and 1.86%(6/323)] or 3D reconstruction alone [25.08%(81/323) and 1.86%(6/323)] (all P>0.05).The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the combined diagnosis for acute simple periappendicitis were 98.57%(276/280), 97.14%(136/140), and 97.14%(408/420), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of conventional non-contrast CT alone [82.86%(232/280), 85.00%(119/140), and 83.81%(352/420)] and 3D reconstruction alone [91.07%(255/280), 87.86%(123/140), and 90.00%(378/420)] (all P<0.05). In contrast, for acute suppurative periappendicitis, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the combined diagnosis were 97.67%(42/43), 98.41%(371/377), and 98.10%(412/420), respectively, and there were no significant differences compared with conventional non-contrast CT alone [93.02%(40/43), 95.49%(360/377), and 95.24%(400/420)] or 3D reconstruction alone [90.70%(39/43), 96.82%(365/377), and 96.19%(404/420)] (all P>0.05). Conclusion Non-contrast CT combined with 3D reconstruction has high diagnostic efficacy for acute periappendicitis and shows obvious advantages in the detection of typical signs such as appendiceal enlargement, wall thickening and periappendiceal abscess, with high clinical application value.
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