系统性红斑狼疮患者血清CX3CR1、CCL20表达及其与病情程度的关系
尹秀杉 , 张兵 , 朱凤丹 , 谭雪玲 , 何仁栋
河北医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1) : 118 -124.
系统性红斑狼疮患者血清CX3CR1、CCL20表达及其与病情程度的关系
Expression of serum CX3CR1 and CCL20 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and their relationship with disease severity
目的 探讨系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)患者血清CX3C趋化因子受体1(CX3C chemokine receptor 1,CX3CR1)、趋化因子配体20[chemokine (c-cmotif) ligand 20,CCL20]表达及其与病情程度的关系。 方法 纳入2020年8月—2024年8月期间于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院南充医院确诊的SLE患者150例作为研究组,按照系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动指数(systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index,SLEDAI)评分,分为轻度活动组(5分≤SLEDAI≤9分)53例、中度活动组(9分<SLEDAI≤14分)50例和重度活动组(>14分)47例;另选择同期于健康管理中心进行全面体检的健康受试者150名作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清CX3CR1和CCL20的表达水平,比较研究组和对照组血清CX3CR1、CCL20表达水平及临床指标;比较不同病情程度SLE患者血清CX3CR1、CCL20表达水平;Pearson法分析SLE患者血清CX3CR1、CCL20与临床指标间的关系;采用Logistic回归分析SLE疾病严重程度的影响因素;受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)曲线评估血清CX3CR1、CCL20单独及联合检测对SLE病情程度的预测效能。 结果 研究组白细胞计数(3.24±0.51)×109/L、血红蛋白(92.75±10.68)g/L、淋巴细胞计数(0.82±0.17)×109/L、血小板(109.56±20.03)×109/L、补体C3(0.65±0.14)g/L及补体C4(0.24±0.04)g/L水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);血清CX3CR1(7.11±1.62)μg/L、CCL20(18.17±2.42)ng/L、红细胞沉降率(5.41±1.22)mm/1 h及抗dsDNA抗体(1.58±0.47)U/L表达水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。重度活动组血清CX3CR1(13.78±3.39)μg/L、CCL20(43.47±7.06)ng/L表达水平均显著高于轻度活动组[(7.31±1.54)μg/L、(27.96±4.15)ng/L]和中度活动组[(9.19±2.18)μg/L、(38.68±6.96)ng/L](P<0.05),中度活动组血清CX3CR1及CCL20表达水平均显著高于轻度活动组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性结果显示,血清CX3CR1、CCL20与红细胞沉降率(r=0.408、0.510,均P<0.05)、抗dsDNA抗体(r=0.435、0.423,均P<0.05)呈正相关,与白细胞计数(r=―0.417、―0.502,均P<0.05)、血红蛋白(r=―0.435、―0.406,均P<0.05)]、淋巴细胞计数(r=―0.610、―0.421,均P<0.05)、血小板(r=―0.636、―0.464,均P<0.05)、补体C3(r=―0.406、―0.624,均P<0.05)及补体C4(r=―0.421、均P<0.05)呈负相关。Logistic回归分析显示,抗dsDNA抗体、补体C3、补体C4、CX3CR1及CCL20均为SLE患者病情严重程度的影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,血清CX3CR1、CCL20评估SLE病情程度的曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)分别为0.785(95%CI:0.733~0.837)、0.761(95%CI:0.707~0.816),敏感度分别为72.09%、68.72%,特异度分别为72.73%、76.04%,CX3CR1、CCL20联合评估SLE病情程度的AUC为0.856(95%CI:0.814~0.898),敏感度为80.72%,特异度为81.75%。 结论 SLE患者血清CX3CR1、CCL20表达上调,CX3CR1、CCL20与SLE疾病严重程度有关,且二者上升是影响SLE患者病情程度的独立危险因素,CX3CR1、CCL20评估SLE的AUC均较高,血清CX3CR1、CCL20可作为评估SLE的辅助指标。
Objective To investigate the expressions of serum C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) and chemokine (c-c motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as well as their correlation with disease severity. Methods A total of 150 patients diagnosed with SLE at Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital of Capital Medical University between August 2020 and August 2024 were enrolled as the study group. According to the scores of the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI), the patients were further divided into three subgroups: the mild activity subgroup (5 ≤ SLEDAI ≤ 9 points, n=53), the moderate activity subgroup (9 < SLEDAI ≤ 14 points, n=50), and the severe activity group (SLEDAI > 14 points, n=47). In addition, 150 healthy subjects who underwent a comprehensive physical examination at the Health Management Center during the same period were selected as the control group.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum expression levels of CX3CR1 and CCL20. The serum levels of CX3CR1, CCL20 and clinical indicators were compared between the study group and the control group, and the serum levels of CX3CR1 and CCL20 were compared among SLE patients with different disease severities. The Pearson correlation analysis was performed to investigate the correlations between serum CX3CR1, CCL20 levels and clinical indicators in SLE patients, and logistic regression analysis was adopted to identify the influencing factors for the disease severity of SLE. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to evaluate the predictive efficacy of serum CX3CR1 and CCL20 detection alone and in combination for the disease severity of SLE. Results White blood cell (WBC) count [(3.24±0.51)×10⁹/L], haemoglobin [(92.75±10.68) g/L], lymphocyte count [(0.82±0.17)×10⁹/L], platelet count [(109.56±20.03)×10⁹/L], complement C3 [(0.65±0.14) g/L], and complement C4 [(0.24±0.04) g/L] were all lower in the study group than in the control group (P<0.05). Serum CX3CR1 [(7.11±1.62) μg/L], CCL20 [(18.17±2.42) ng/L], erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [(5.41±1.22) mm/1 h], and anti-dsDNA antibody [(1.58±0.47) U/L] expression levels were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Serum CX3CR1 [(13.78±3.39) μg/L] and CCL20 [(43.47±7.06) ng/L] expression levels in the severe activity subgroup were significantly higher than those in the mild activity subgroup [(7.31±1.54) μg/L, (27.96±4.15) ng/L] and moderate activity subgroup [(9.19±2.18) μg/L, (38.68±6.96) ng/L] (P<0.05). Serum CX3CR1 and CCL20 expression levels in the moderate activity subgroup were significantly higher than those in the mild activity subgroup (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that serum CX3CR1 and CCL20 levels were positively correlated with ESR (r=0.408, 0.510, both P<0.05)], and anti-dsDNA antibody (r=0.435, 0.423, both P<0.05), and negatively correlated with WBC count (r=-0.417, -0.502, both P<0.05), haemoglobin (r=-0.435, -0.406, both P<0.05), lymphocyte count (r=-0.610, -0.421, both P<0.05), platelet count (r=-0.636, -0.464, both P<0.05)], complement C3 (r=―0.406, ―0.624, both P<0.05) and complement C4 (r=―0.421, ―0.430, both P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that anti-dsDNA antibodies, complement C3, complement C4, CX3CR1, and CCL20 were all factors influencing disease severity in SLE patients (P<0.05). ROC curve results demonstrated that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of serum CX3CR1 and CCL20 in diagnosing SLE disease severity was 0.785 (95%CI: 0.733―0.837) and 0.761 (95%CI: 0.707―0.816), respectively, with a sensitivity of 72.09% and 68.72% respectively, and a specificity of 72.73% and 76.04% respectively. The AUC of CX3CR1 and CCL20 detected in combination in assessing SLE disease severity was 0.856 (95%CI: 0.814―0.898), with a sensitivity of 80.72% and a specificity of 81.75%. Conclusion In patients with SLE, the serum expression levels of CX3CR1 and CCL20 are upregulated. Both CX3CR1 and CCL20 are associated with the severity of SLE, and their elevation serves as an independent risk factor for disease severity. The AUC values of CX3CR1 and CCL20 for evaluating SLE are relatively high. Therefore, serum CX3CR1 and CCL20 may serve as auxiliary indicators for the evaluation of SLE.
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南充市市校科技战略合作专项(20SXQT0022)
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