结直肠癌患者围术期危急值风险预测模型的构建与验证
Construction and validation of a risk prediction model for critical values in perioperative patients with colorectal cancer
目的 探讨基于术前指标构建结直肠癌患者围术期发生危急值的风险预测模型,并进行内部验证。 方法 采用回顾性研究方法,收集2019年1—12月河北医科大学第四医院收治的结直肠癌手术患者546例的一般资料、生命体征及实验室指标为预测变量,以“危急值负荷”为结局变量,应用零膨胀负二项回归(zero-inflated negative binomial regression,ZINB)构建预测模型,并使用R语言进行内部验证。 结果 546例患者中,围术期未发生危急值(负荷为0)514例,发生至少1次危急值32例(男性11例、女性21例)。单因素分析显示,与非危急值组比较,危急值组女性比例更高、年龄更大、查尔森合并症指数(Charlson comorbidity index,CCI)更高(P<0.05),而体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、白蛋白、前白蛋白、血钾、血钙、淋巴细胞计数、血红蛋白、平均动脉压均显著降低(P<0.05)。多因素ZINB回归分析显示,零膨胀部分常数项差异无统计学意义(P=1.000),表明未识别出“注定为零”的亚组;计数部分显示,年龄(OR=1.119,95%CI:1.027~1.219,P=0.010)与入院首次肌酐(OR=1.007,95%CI:1.002~1.012,P=0.004)是危急值发生的独立危险因素,入院首次血钾(OR=0.198,95%CI:0.086~0.456,P<0.001)为保护因素。模型拟合良好(McFadden R²=0.128),校准曲线显示模型对危急值发生次数的预测具有较高准确性。 结论 本研究构建的结直肠癌围术期危急值风险预测模型具有较好的区分度与校准度,能有效识别高危患者,为早期预警与个体化监护提供参考,有助于降低围术期风险。
Objective To investigate the construction of a risk prediction model for the occurrence of critical values in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients during the perioperative period based on preoperative indicators, and to perform internal validation. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 546 CRC patients who underwent surgery from January to December 2019. Demographic and clinical data, vital signs, and laboratory parameters were collected as predictors, and the “Critical load” was defined as the outcome. A zero-inflated negative binomial regression (ZINB) was used to construct the prediction model, followed by internal validation using R software. Results Among 546 patients, 514 had no critical value events, while 32 experienced at least one event (11 males, 21 females). Univariate analysis showed that the critical value group had a higher proportion of females, older age, higher Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and significantly lower body mass index (BMI), albumin, prealbumin, serum potassium, serum calcium, lymphocyte count, hemoglobin, and mean arterial pressure, as compared with non-critical value group (all P<0.05). Multivariate ZINB regression analysis revealed that the zero-inflation constant term was non-significant (P=1.000), indicating that no subgroup with "certain zeros" was identified. In the count part, age (OR=1.119, 95%CI: 1.027―1.219, P=0.010) and initial serum creatinine (OR=1.007, 95%CI: 1.002―1.012, P=0.004) were independent risk factors, while initial serum potassium (OR=0.198, 95%CI: 0.086―0.456, P<0.001) was a protective factor. The model showed good fit (McFadden R²=0.128) and the calibration curve indicated that the model's predictions for the number of critical value occurrences were highly accurate. Conclusion The model constructed demonstrates good discrimination and calibration in predicting perioperative critical value risk in CRC patients, which may assist in early identification of high-risk individuals and provide a reference for early warning and individualized monitoring, thereby potentially reducing perioperative complications.
| [1] |
滕熠,张晓丹,夏昌发, |
| [2] |
刘航齐,贾玫.临床检验危急值的内部管理[J/CD].中华临床实验室管理电子杂志,2018,6(1):47-51. |
| [3] |
王启晨,杨晨,石苗, |
| [4] |
|
| [5] |
董宁,成祥君,朱萍, |
| [6] |
张怡,文静,邱爽, |
| [7] |
陈崇纯,陈大洋,张秀明.区域检验中心危急值特点分析[J].临床检验杂志,2025,43(8):624-628. |
| [8] |
范瑞,严志瑜,高尚, |
| [9] |
陈光意,付书贞,姜艳红, |
| [10] |
李烨,赵习,张世霞.医学影像危急值闭环管理流程的设计与应用[J].中国医疗设备,2025,40(11):97-103. |
| [11] |
邢娟,周媛,莫景, |
| [12] |
中国医师协会介入医师分会介入围手术专家工作组,中国静脉介入联盟,邓梦瑶, |
| [13] |
朱俊亮,黄蓉蓉,刘红波.零膨胀负二项回归模型在医学研究中的应用[J].中国卫生统计,2022,39(5):736-740. |
| [14] |
高保锴,虎昭言,王文龙, |
| [15] |
张若昕,叶紫岚,翁俊勇, |
| [16] |
柴莎莎,胡君为,韩雷.超高龄髋部骨折术后患者预后情况及1年内死亡危险因素分析[J].中国骨伤,2024,37(8):833-837. |
| [17] |
庄晓珊,俞霞.骨科病房危急值报告纵向分析及护理应用价值[J].浙江临床医学,2020,22(5):694-695. |
| [18] |
徐小英,葛国平.心电图危急值管理患者357例分析[J].心电与循环,2016,35(3):188-190. |
| [19] |
向黎明.190例心电图危急值的临床应用与分析[J].临床心电学杂志,2014,23(6):420-423. |
| [20] |
成果,周锦泉,王丽丽, |
| [21] |
徐骅卿.基于聚类学习的高龄患者术前风险预测模型研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2019. |
| [22] |
欧志宇,钟羽琦,陈飞雪, |
| [23] |
杨超,张路霞,赵明辉.《中国慢性肾脏病早期评价与管理指南》解读[J].中国实用内科杂志,2023,43(10):839-841,876. |
| [24] |
沈宇江.直肠癌根治术后低钾血症的发生情况以及影响因素分析[J].浙江创伤外科,2019,24(5):946-947. |
| [25] |
卓婷婷,陈序.腹部手术患者麻醉诱导前后电解质监测结果观察分析[J].广西医科大学学报,2015,32(6):949-951. |
河北省医学科学研究课题计划项目(20211438)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |