To explore the impact of livestock product imports on carbon emissions in China’s livestock industry, based on the panel data of 31 provinces in the country from 2005 to 2020(The data do not include those of Hong Kong Macao and Taiwan regions. The same below.), the two-way fixed effect model and the spatial Dubin model were used to empirically test the impact of livestock product imports on carbon emissions from livestock industry in China and investigate its spatial spillover effect. The results show that: The import of livestock products has significantly inhibited the carbon emissions of livestock industry in China, and the conclusion is still valid after multiple robustness tests. Compared with the western region and frontier pastoral areas, the negative impact of livestock products import on carbon emissions from livestock industry in the eastern coastal zone, the central region and non-frontier pastoral areas of China is more significant, and the carbon emission reduction effect of livestock product import has the heterogeneity of livestock and poultry species. The impact of import of livestock products on carbon emissions from livestock industry in China has a spatial spillover effect. The import of livestock products in a province will not only inhibit carbon emissions from local livestock industry, but also restrict carbon emissions from livestock industry in adjacent regions and regions with similar economic and geographical conditions.
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