西北旱区大豆玉米复合种植联合播种机的设计与试验
曲经武 , 戴飞 , 史瑞杰 , 赵武云 , 马海军 , 马明义
中国农业大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5) : 103 -114.
西北旱区大豆玉米复合种植联合播种机的设计与试验
Design and experiment of a combined planter for soybean and corn compound planting in Northwest arid area
,
,
针对西北旱区大豆玉米复合种植机具短缺、机械化程度低等问题,设计西北旱区大豆玉米复合种植联合播种机。该机由旋耕装置、起垄装置、覆土装置、施肥装置、播种装置及机架等组成,能够实现旋耕、起垄、施肥、双幅覆膜覆土、镇压及播种等多个作业过程。对播种机关键部件进行设计与分析,利用离散元模型对覆土过程进行模拟仿真,分析覆土过程中膜边膜上覆土均匀性;采用DEM-MBD对大豆玉米播种装置耦合仿真,分析大豆玉米播种装置播种均匀性。仿真结果表明:1)土壤因跳跃和泼撒而落到垄面的颗粒数≤1.3%;2)播种装置对大豆和玉米种子挤压力≤10 N,土壤颗粒对鸭嘴的阻力≤50 N。田间试验结果表明:玉米播种装置播种合格率、漏播率和重播率分别为95.63%、1.65%和2.72%,大豆播种装置播种合格率、漏播率和重播率分别为91.24%、0%和8.76%,机组作业期间运行稳定,具有良好的作业效果,满足大豆玉米带状复合种植需求。
In response to the shortage of soybean and corn compound planting equipment and low mechanization level in the Northwest arid area, a soybean and corn compound planting combined seeder was designed. This machine is composed of one rotary tillage device, one ridging device, one soil covering device, one fertilization device, one frame, and one seeding device. It can achieve multiple operational processes such as rotary tillage, ridging, fertilization, double film mulching, compaction, and seeding. The key components of the seeder are designed and analyzed, the soil covering process using a discrete element model is simulated, and the uniformity of the soil covering on the membrane edge during the soil covering process is analyzed; The sowing performance of soybean and corn sowing devices was simulated using DEM-MBD coupling, and the uniformity of sowing of soybean and corn sowing devices are analyzed. The simulation results show that: 1) The number of soil particles falling onto the ridge surface due to jumping and scattering is≤1.3%; 2) The seeding device exerts a squeezing force of ≤10 N on soybean and corn seeds, and the resistance of soil particles to duckbill is ≤ 50 N. The field test results showed that the qualified rate, missed rate, and replant rate of the corn sowing device were 95.63%, 1.65%, and 2.72%, respectively, while the qualified rate, missed rate, and replant rate of the soybean sowing device were 91.24%, 0%, and 8.76%, respectively. In conclusion, the unit operates stably during the operation period and has good operational effects, which meet the requirements of soybean corn strip composite sowing.
| [1] |
王昕彤,奚小波,陈猛,黄盛杰,金亦富,张瑞宏. 大豆玉米带状复合种植技术与装备发展现状[J].江苏农业科学, 2023, 51(11):36-45 |
| [2] |
|
| [3] |
齐彦栋,金诚谦,刘岗微,杨腾祥. 大豆玉米带状复合种植全程机械化关键技术与装备[J].中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(1):14-24 |
| [4] |
|
| [5] |
刘燕,陈彬,于庆旭,裴亮,缪友谊,陈小兵,谭本垠. 大豆玉米带状复合种植机械化技术与装备研究进展[J].中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(1):39-47 |
| [6] |
|
| [7] |
吕小荣,陈小虎,杨璐杰,刘铮,唐鹏, 涂心叶. 大豆玉米气吸式播种机补种系统的设计与试验[J].四川农业大学学报, 2023,41(5):826-833 |
| [8] |
|
| [9] |
吴维雄,罗锡文,杨文钰,彭淑卉. 小麦-玉米-大豆带状复合种植机械化研究进展[J].农业工程学报, 2015, 31(S1):1-7 |
| [10] |
|
| [11] |
袁晓婷,汤松,罗凯,蒋靖怡,杨文钰,雍太文.大豆玉米带状复合种植产量与效益分析:基于全国16个示范省(市、区)的调查数据[J].四川农业大学学报, 2023, 41(5):834-841, 872 |
| [12] |
|
| [13] |
韩丹丹,何彬,杨文钰,徐友,吕小荣,张黎骅. 气吸式大豆-玉米带状间作播种机的设计与试验[J].甘肃农业大学学报, 2023, 58(4):260-268 |
| [14] |
|
| [15] |
薛荣. 大豆玉米带状复合种植精量播种机的设计研究[J].农业开发与装备, 2023(7):139-142 |
| [16] |
|
| [17] |
杨昌敏,赵帮泰,程方平,梅林森,宋乐见,张巍,王义鹏,刘琳. 大豆玉米复合种植施肥播种一体机研究[J].南方农机, 2022, 53(19):5-7 |
| [18] |
|
| [19] |
戴飞,赵武云,张锋伟,马海军,辛尚龙,马明义. 西北雨养区全膜双垄沟播技术与配套机具研究进展分析[J].农业机械学报,2019, 50(5):1-16 |
| [20] |
|
| [21] |
马忠明,白玉龙,薛亮,杜少平. 不同覆膜栽培方式对旱地土壤水热效应及西瓜产量的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2015, 48(3): 514-522 |
| [22] |
|
| [23] |
田旭,张春林,王帮高. 大豆玉米带状复合种植机械化技术与装备应用[J].农业机械, 2022 (8):59-61 |
| [24] |
|
| [25] |
顿国强,刘文辉,杜佳兴,周成,毛宁,纪文义. 弧槽双螺旋式排肥器优化设计与试验[J].农业机械学报, 2022, 53(10):118-125, 174 |
| [26] |
|
| [27] |
戴飞,赵武云,马明义,王久鑫,石林榕,马军民. 双垄耕作施肥喷药覆膜机工作参数优化[J].农业机械学报, 2016, 47(1):83-90 |
| [28] |
|
| [29] |
孙伟,刘小龙,石林榕,张华,刘全威,吴建民. 刮板升运带式膜上覆土装置覆土特性[J].机械工程学报, 2016, 52(7):38-45 |
| [30] |
|
| [31] |
戴飞,宋学锋,赵武云,张锋伟,马海军,马明义. 全膜双垄沟覆膜土壤离散元接触参数仿真标定[J].农业机械学报, 2019, 50(2):49-56,77 |
| [32] |
|
| [33] |
石林榕,吴建民,赵武云,孙伟,张锋伟,孙步功. 基于离散单元法农田土壤单轴压缩模型的建立及参数校核[J].中国农业大学学报, 2015, 20(4):174-182 |
| [34] |
|
| [35] |
张荣芳,周纪磊,刘虎,史嵩,位国建,何腾飞. 玉米颗粒粘结模型离散元仿真参数标定方法研究[J].农业机械学报, 2022, 53(S1):69-77 |
| [36] |
|
| [37] |
屈哲,刘龙,安雪,卢琦,丁力,余永昌. 基于EDEM的大豆窝眼轮式排种器优化设计与试验[J].农机化研究, 2023, 45(8):103-110 |
| [38] |
|
| [39] |
石林榕,吴建民,孙伟,张锋伟,孙步功,刘全威,赵武云. 基于离散单元法的水平圆盘式精量排种器排种仿真试验[J].农业工程学报, 2014, 30(8):40-48 |
| [40] |
|
| [41] |
周仁义. 气吸式大豆高速精密排种器设计与试验[D].长春:吉林大学, |
| [42] |
|
| [43] |
陈栋泉,李国莹,曹潘冬,李振佐,杨然兵. 基于EDEM仿真玉米高位投种结构参数分析与试验[J].农机化研究, 2024, 46(2) |
| [44] |
|
| [45] |
GB/T 6973—2005单粒(精密)播种机试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005 |
| [46] |
GB/T 6973—2005(precision drills) Testing method of single grain seed drills[S]. Beijing: China Standard Press, 2005 (in Chinese) |
| [47] |
NY/T 987—2006铺膜穴播机作业质量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006. |
| [48] |
NY/T 987—2006 Operation quality of film laying hole seeder[S]. Beijing: China Standard Press, 2006 (in Chinese) |
甘肃省技术创新引导计划科技专员专项(22CX8GA052)
甘肃农业大学伏羲青年英才培养计划项目(Gaufx-03Y01)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |