Impact of digital transformation on the innovation efficiency of agricultural and forestry enterprises in the context of building up agricultural power
To promote agricultural and forestry enterprises to better share the dividends of digital transformation, improve their innovation efficiency and achieve the driving role of common prosperity for agricultural and forestry enterprises, based on panel data of 235 A-share agricultural and forestry listed companies from 2009 to 2020, this study uses the two-way fixed effect model to empirically analyze the impact of digital transformation on the innovation efficiency of agricultural and forestry enterprises. The results show that: 1) There is a significant inverted U-shaped impact between digital transformation and the innovation efficiency of agricultural and forestry enterprises. A moderate level of digitization is beneficial for improving innovation efficiency, and when the level goes beyond a certain critical point, the improvement of digitization has a negative impact on innovation efficiency. 2) Digital transformation affects the level of enterprise risk taking through the inverted U-shaped curve effect, thereby affecting innovation efficiency and promoting the inverted U-shaped relationship between digital transformation and innovation efficiency. 3) The academic experience of corporate executives negatively regulates the inverted U-shaped relationship between digital transformation and innovation efficiency of agricultural and forestry enterprises. To sum up, not only should enterprises and executive teams play an active role, but also the government should speed up the construction of new agricultural infrastructure and standard system, strengthen the pertinence of policies, improve the public service platform for digital transformation, and accelerate the pace of agricultural modernization to promote the construction of agricultural power.
本研究被解释变量为企业创新效率(ET)。创新效率衡量的是创新资源的投入产出比,涉及创新产出和创新投入2个方面。在创新产出方面,由于中国专利涵盖发明专利、实用新型和外观设计3种类型,而相比于实用新型和外观设计专利,发明专利所涵的技术水平较高且获取难度较大,实用性更强,属于企业实质性创新。同时,考虑到企业从投入创新资源到获得专利成果之间需要一定的时间,因此,借鉴权小锋等[36]的做法,采用第t+1年申请且最终被授予的发明专利数量的对数值ln(1+PAT t+1)与第t年的研发投入的对数值ln(1+RD t )之比衡量农林企业i第t年的创新效率。具体公式如下:
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