In view of the indoor low temperature of solar greenhouse at night in winter in northern China, and the problem that it is difficult to replace the phase change materials in the phase change system if the material phase change temperature does not match the actual production needs of the greenhouse in most phase change systems, an alternative phase change heat storage system is developed, and two types of phase change materials suitable for the night heating of solar greenhouse in winter in northern China are identified. The physical properties of phase change materials are measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A controlled experiment was conducted to study the effect of an alternative phase change heat storage system on the night heating of a solar greenhouse in Beijing in winter and on the growth of tomato. The results showed as follows: 1) The melting point and freezing point of butyl stearate were 15.77 and 18.38 ℃, and the melting point and freezing point of pentadecane were 8.47 and 8.72 ℃, respectively. The latent heat temperatures of transformation during melting and solidification of butyl stearate were 111.6 and 111.5 J/g, respectively, and temperatures during melting and solidification of pentadecane are 135.8 and 138.7 J/g, respectively. 2) Compared with the control greenhouse, the minimum night temperature and maximum night average temperature of the test greenhouse are increased by 1.7 and 1.9 ℃, respectively; 3) The minimum soil temperatures at 10 and 15 cm below the surface of the test greenhouse at night was 0.8 and 0.3 °C higher than that of the control greenhouse on average; The average soil temperatures was 0.7 and 0.3 ℃ higher, respectively. 4) On the cloudy and snowy days, when the solar radiation could not be received and the indoor temperature was at the lowest, the temperature of the test greenhouse was the maximum 0.8 ℃ higher than that of the control greenhouse, and the average 0.5 ℃ higher; 5) In addition, compared with those in the control greenhouse the plant height, stem diameter and leaf area of tomatoes in the test greenhouse were increased by 1.9%, 1.5% and 3.9%, respectively. The phase change system can effectively increase the night temperature of the test greenhouse in winter, and the thermal environment of the test greenhouse is more conducive to the growth of tomato plants.
YangR Q, MaC W, LiuS L, ZhouZ C, LiuW X, WuS. The imitation analysis of heat preservation and capability of the wall of solar greenhouse[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University :Agricultural Science, 2008, 26(5): 449-453 (in Chinese)
WuZ X, TangJ C, LiangW, SongJ S, GongW Z, BaoE C. Screening and testing of suitable phase change materials for solar greenhouses in northern Jiangsu[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2023, 44(9): 264-272 (in Chinese)
[5]
ZhangL, XuP, MaoJ C, TangX, LiZ W, ShiJ G. A low cost seasonal solar soil heat storage system for greenhouse heating: Design and pilot study[J]. Applied Energy, 2015, 156: 213-222
[6]
张仁元. 相变材料与相变储能技术[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2009
[7]
ZhangR Y. Phase Change Materials and Phase Change Energy Storage Technology[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2009 (in Chinese)
WangD Q, ZhuangY F, ZhangD D, ChengJ Y, WangP Z, ZhaoS M. Application effect of graded phase-change heat storage and release system in solar greenhouse[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2022, 43(12): 104-111 (in Chinese)
[10]
MengF K, ChuQ. Heat storage and release performance experiment of externally hung phase change solar greenhouse in severe cold regions of Northeast China-Taking Fuxin City as an example[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2023, 58: 106411
[11]
李彦荣. 适于温室应用的相变墙板设计与测试[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2020
[12]
LiY R. Design and testing of phase change wallboard for greenhouse applications[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2020 (in Chinese)
[13]
赵梦菲. 日光温室墙体用复合相变材料的研制与应用[D]. 长春: 吉林农业大学, 2023
[14]
ZhaoM F. Development and application of composite phase change materials for solar greenhouse walls[D]. Changchun: Jilin Agricultural University, 2023 (in Chinese)
[15]
BenliH, DurmuşA. Performance analysis of a latent heat storage system with phase change material for new designed solar collectors in greenhouse heating[J]. Solar Energy, 2009, 83(12): 2109-2119
[16]
BerrougF, LakhalE K, El OmariM, FarajiM, El QarniaH. Thermal performance of a greenhouse with a phase change material north wall[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2011, 43(11): 3027-3035
[17]
WuY P, WangT. Preparation and characterization of hydrated salts/silica composite as shape-stabilized phase change material via sol–gel process [J]. Thermochimica Acta, 2014, 591: 10-15
[18]
胡琳娜. 石蜡—十六胺/陶粒复合相变储热材料研究[D]. 保定: 河北农业大学, 2022
[19]
HuL N. Study on paraffin-hexadecylamine/ceramsite composite phase change thermal storage material[D]. Baoding: Hebei Agricultural University, 2022 (in Chinese)
[20]
周莹. 日光温室复合相变保温材料的研究[D]. 太谷: 山西农业大学, 2017
[21]
ZhouY. Study on composite phase change thermal insulation material in solar greenhouse[D]. Taigu: Shanxi Agricultural University, 2017 (in Chinese)
[22]
王宏丽. 相变蓄热材料研发及在日光温室中的应用[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2013
[23]
WangH L. Development of phase change materials and application in solar greenhouses[D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2013 (in Chinese)
[24]
丁聪. 相变墙板复合储能材料的制备与性能研究[D]. 济南: 山东建筑大学, 2022
[25]
DingC. Study on preparation and properties of composite energy storage materials for phase change wallboard[D]. Jinan: Shandong Jianzhu University, 2022 (in Chinese)
MaC W, ZhaoS M, ChengJ Y, XuW W. Energy efficiency analysis of solar energy heat utilization technology in solar greenhouse[J]. Agricultural Engineering Technology, 2017, 37(22): 10-15 (in Chinese)
LiJ F, SongM Y, XuM M, GaoL H, XieY. Influences of different organic fertilizer treatments on growth, yield and quality of tomato[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 50(12): 173-180 (in Chinese)
[30]
BlancoF F, FolegattiM V. A new method for estimating the leaf area index of cucumber and tomato plants[J]. Horticultura Brasileira, 2003, 21(4): 666-669