Aims of this study were to enrich cherry tomato varieties in the cold area of Taihang Mountain, improve farmers’ planting efficiency and meet consumers’ demand for cherry tomato in summer. Fruit characters of 15 introduced cherry tomato varieties in Taihang Mountain of Pingshan County were measured, and the variability, correlation and grey correlation of main agronomic characters were analyzed. The results showed that the largest coefficient of variation among the main agronomic characters of the 15 cherry tomatoes was single fruit weight, followed by the grains number per spike, and the smallest coefficient of variation was soluble solid content. There are different degrees of correlation among the traits, and the majority of the traits displayed significant or extremely significant correlation; Each trait had different degree of correlation with yield per plant. The correlation between yield per plant and yield-related characters was ranked from high to low as follows: Longitudinal diameter, average fruit weight, transverse diameter of fruit, leaf width, internode length, average panicle number stem size, leaf length, soluble solid content and leaf number. The results of comprehensive evaluation showed that the cherry tomato varieties “Lvfeicui”, “Zitao No. 2” and “Zhongying No. 8” performed well and were suitable for planting and popularizing in the cool area of Taihang Mountain. In conclusion, it is feasible to comprehensively evaluate 11 characters of 15 cherry tomato varieties by grey correlation method. This study can provide reference for the selection of excellent varieties and breeding target of cherry tomato in the cold area of Taihang Mountain, and has important production significance for the popularization of crop tomato planting over summer.
单株产量及其构成因素用灰色关联度方法分析[21-23]。把15个樱桃番茄品种单株产量和其他10个主要性状视为一个灰色系统,并将单株产量(Y0)设定为参考数列,叶长(Y1)、叶宽(Y2)、叶片数(Y3)、节间长度(Y4)、茎粗(Y5)、可溶性固形物含量(Y6)、果实纵径(Y7)、果实横径(Y8)、平均穗结果数(Y9)和平均单果重(Y10)这10个性状设为比较数列。按照式(1)对原始数据标准化处理后,计算各比较数列(Yi )与参考数列(Y0)绝对差值Δ i (k),再根据式(2)计算单株产量与其他性状关联系数ξi (k)。
式中:Yi (k)为标准化处理后值;Yi'(k)为原始数值;Yi 为同一性状平均值;Si 为同一性状标准差;ξi (k)为关联系数;为分辨系数,取值0.5。Δ i (k)=表示标准化处理后的参数与参考数列差数的绝对值。
1.4 综合评价
评价不同品种优劣时,根据刘美茹等[24]、兰孟焦等[25]方法,将供试品种的最优值设为理想品种X0[26]。方法参考1.3,首先对原始数据进行标准化处理,即参试品种Xi (k)除以理想品种理想值X0(k),然后计算各参试品种与理想品种各性状绝对差值Δ i (k),再根据式(2)计算参试品种与理想品种关联系数ξi (k)。同一品种各性状ξi (k)平均值为该品种等权关联度ri (k)。根据各性状重要程度赋予不同权重,计算加权关联度ri'(k)。
进一步对15个樱桃番茄品种生产性能进行综合评价,将15个樱桃番茄品种各性状测定值标准化处理,计算绝对差值Δi(k),获得Δ i (k)min、Δ i (k)max分别为0和0.939 5。计算得到15个樱桃番茄品种各性状与理想品种关联系数ξi (k)。根据ξi (k),计算获得参试品种与理想品种等权关联度ri (k);采用赋值法确定权重系数,据此计算加权关联度ri'(k)[27-28]。
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