In order to explore the temporal and spatial changes of carbon emissions of different subsystems in the agricultural system, identify the contribution degree of agricultural system and subsystems at all levels to environmental carbon emissions and key emission sources, and formulate appropriate targeted greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies, this study took the agricultural integrated system of Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province as the research object. The spatial-temporal changes of carbon emission and carbon sequestration in 4 sub-systems (crop subsystem, aquaculture subsystem, primary food production subsystem and soil subsystem) of 6 counties and cities in Quzhou City from 2004 to 2021 were analyzed. The database of crop subsystem, aquaculture subsystem, primary food production subsystem and soil subsystem was constructed. Based on the life cycle theory and the IPCC greenhouse gas calculation method, a carbon management model for agricultural systems was developed. The results showed that: The carbon emissions of all counties and cities showed an overall trend of “increase-decrease-increase-decrease”. The carbon emissions of the agricultural system in Quzhou City peaked in 2013 and then decreased in a fluctuating manner. The total carbon emissions of the agricultural system in 2021 were 3.538 million tons, which was 1.857 million tons lower than that in 2013. The crop subsystems and primary food production subsystems accounted for the highest average carbon emissions, which were 88.4% and 10.7%, respectively. The carbon emission contribution of Qujiang District, Jiangshan City and Longyou County (high contribution area) is higher than that of Kecheng District, Changshan County and Kaihua County (low contribution area). After the middle of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, the carbon emissions of the crop subsystem and the primary food production subsystem gradually converged according to the high and low contribution areas, while the county and city aquaculture subsystem converged as a whole. At present, Quzhou has basically achieved the peak of agricultural system carbon, but the individual subsystems still have high carbon emission intensity, especially the crop subsystem, and the carbon sequestration potential of the soil subsystem has not been fully utilized. Therefore, when exploring the reduction of carbon emission intensity under the conditions of the existing agricultural scale in Quzhou City, we should focus on the specific action plan to play the potential of soil carbon sink, and how to further strengthen the coupling coordination degree of subsystems.
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